The anti-anginal drug fendiline elevates cytosolic Ca2+ in rabbit corneal epithelial cells

Fendiline Inhibits K-Ras Plasma Membrane Localization and Blocks K-Ras Signal Transmission

“…The expected effect, if any, in fibroblasts is a reduction in calcium levels, although somewhat paradoxically, fendiline has been reported to weakly elevate intracellular Ca 2ϩ in certain nonexcitable cells (49)(50)(51)(52). Thus, to formally exclude a role for intracellular calcium, we directly measured calcium levels in fendiline-treated cells by quantitative imaging with Fura-2AM.…”

Novel cell-based in vitro screen to identify small-molecule inhibitors against intracellular replication of Cryptococcus neoformans in macrophages

“…Unblinding the screening compounds revealed D9 to be fendiline hydrochloride, a known inhibitor of l -type Ca 2+ channels that reportedly increases the intracellular Ca 2+ concentration [Ca 2+ ] i via calcium release from endoplasmic reticulum stores [24] , [25] . Therefore, to assess the intracellular calcium flux in macrophages in response to fendiline, drug concentrations ranging from 1 to 20 µM were tested to check the concentration-dependent effects previously reported for other cell types with this drug [24] , [25] , [26] (see Supplementary method). Interestingly, fendiline barely had an effect on [Ca 2+ ] i at a concentration of 1 µM compared with the DMSO control ( Supplementary Fig.…”

“…Thus, this sharp concentration threshold is likely attributable to the differential efficacy observed between 1 µM and 5 µM. Furthermore, to investigate whether the rise in [Ca 2+ ] i upon fendiline treatment is mainly due to discharge of Ca 2+ from intracellular stores, we tested whether the inhibitor thapsigargin specifically blocking endoplasmic reticulum Ca 2+ pumps could alleviate the rise in [Ca 2+ ] i observed with fendiline [25] , [26] (see Supplementary method). Indeed, exposing the cells to 0.5 µM thapsigargin caused a significant drop in [Ca 2+ ] i compared with the cells exposed to only 5 µM fendiline ( Supplementary Fig.…”

Cryopreservation in Ophthalmology

“…Immediate removal of the eyeball after donor death was the only way to ensure the quality of the corneal grafts [63][64][65]. Eye banks were established in major cities, such as London, to guarantee that eyeballs were promptly forwarded [66,67]. In the early 1950s, the activity of CECs was first considered as an important factor affecting transplantation [68][69][70].…”