The anomalous ionospheric stratification F1·5

Heisler, L.H.

doi:10.1016/0021-9169(62)90212-x

Cited by 20 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 9 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Also the existence of additional layers above the regular F2 layer was presented in some papers such as in Heisler [8], Faynot et al [9], Rastogi [10], and Sario et al [11]. These experimental evidences were based on the observational data both of ground ionospheric sounding and incoherent scatter radars.…”

Section: Ground Observationmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…This type of F2 layer stratification seems to be associated with a possible manifestation of middle scale travelling ionospheric disturbances (MSTIDs) due to the propagation of atmospheric gravity waves (AGWs) in the middle latitudes [8]. They have made a statistical study based on the ionogram data from September 2000 to August 2001 which shows that the F3 layer occurs only for 66 days (18% occurrence), and it occurs only during SeptemberFebruary (spring-summer), with maximum occurrence in September-October and longest duration in February.…”

Section: F3 Layermentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Stratification of the Low-Latitude and Near-EquatorialF2Layer, Topside Ionization Ledge, andF3Layer: What We Know about This? A Review

Клименко¹,

Karpachev²,

Клименко³

2012

International Journal of Geophysics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A large number of researches have been devoted to the formation of additional layers in the F region of the equatorial ionosphere, first of which has been published in 1940s. Originally the occurrence of such layer was named "stratification of equatorial F2 layer." The additional layer was later named as the F3 layer. The theoretical researches have shown that the F3 layer is formed by zonal component of electric field with assistance of meridional component of thermospheric wind and field-aligned plasma diffusion. The physical mechanism of the F3 layer formation is clearly formulated for the morning-noon period, although the F3 layer is also observed at other hours. This paper presents a brief review into the history of the additional layer researches, describes the current progress of these researches, and identifies the most important problems in this field of the ionospheric physics.

show abstract

Section: Ground Observationmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: F3 Layermentioning

confidence: 99%

Stratification of the Low-Latitude and Near-EquatorialF2Layer, Topside Ionization Ledge, andF3Layer: What We Know about This? A Review

Клименко¹,

Karpachev²,

Клименко³

2012

International Journal of Geophysics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The appearance of an additional ionization layer above the F2 peak is an example of the aforesaid equatorial features. The additional stratification of the F2 layer over low and mid latitudes was known as early as the 1940s (Sen, 1949;Ratcliffe, 1951;Skinner et al, 1954;Heisler, 1962), though the stratification could not be explained. These investigators attributed the traveling disturbances and dynamics involving vertical ionic drifts as the possible sources of these stratifications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Features of the F3 layer occurrence over the equatorial location of Trivandrum

2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. The general features of the F3 layer occurrence over the magnetic equatorial location of Trivandrum (8.5 • N; 77 • E; dip lat ∼ 0.5 • N) in India during the period from 1996-2005 are presented using the ionosonde observations. The study brings out that the F3 layer occurrence over Trivandrum is weak and rare compared to the other equatorial locations. The F3 layer occurrence is relatively more pronounced during the magnetically active conditions, thus indicating the dependence of the layer formation over Trivandrum on magnetic activity. It is also observed that the percentage occurrence of the F3 layer decreases with increasing solar activity.

show abstract

“…These observations suggest that the distortion in the equatorial electron density profile, associated with a movement toward the base of the F 2 layer as magnetic field lines, descended with increasing latitude. Fagundes et al [2007] reported stratification of the F 2 layer over an equatorial anomaly crest location in Brazil, which was mainly considered as the result of the propagation of atmospheric gravity waves (AGWs) often observed in the middle latitudes [Heisler, 1962].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%