The Annual Phenological Cycle

Hänninen, Heikki

doi:10.1007/978-94-017-7549-6_3

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 188 publications

(452 reference statements)

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“…Consistent with previous studies, we observed significant advances in budburst with warming ( Fu et al, 2013 ; Hänninen, 2016 ; Wu et al, 2022b ). In addition to temperature, daylength has been suggested as another dominant factor regulating budburst dates ( Basler and Körner, 2012 ; Way and Montgomery, 2015 ; Fu et al, 2019a ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Spatial Difference of Interactive Effect Between Temperature and Daylength on Ginkgo Budburst

Wang²,

Fu³

et al. 2022

Front. Plant Sci.

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Climate warming-induced shifts in spring phenology have substantially affected the structure and function of terrestrial ecosystems and global biogeochemical cycles. Spring phenology is primarily triggered by spring temperature and is also affected by daylength and winter chilling, yet the relative importance of these cues across spatial gradients remains poorly understood. Here, we conducted a manipulative experiment with two daylength and three temperature treatments to investigate spatial differences in the response of ginkgo budburst to temperature and daylength, using twigs collected at three sites across a spatial gradient: a control site at a low latitude and low elevation on Tianmu Mountain (TMlow), a low latitude and high elevation site on Tianmu Mountain (TMhigh), and a high latitude site on Jiufeng mountain (JF). The mechanisms were also tested using in situ phenological observations of ginkgo along latitudes in China. We found that, compared to TMlow individuals, budburst dates occurred 12.6 (JF) and 7.7 (TMhigh) days earlier in high-latitude and high-elevation individuals when exposed to the same temperature and daylength treatments. Importantly, daylength only affected budburst at low latitudes, with long days (16 h) advancing budburst in low-latitude individuals by, on average, 8.1 days relative to short-day (8 h) conditions. This advance was most pronounced in low-elevation/latitude individuals (TMlow = 9.6 days; TMhigh = 6.7 days; JF = 1.6 days). In addition, we found that the temperature sensitivity of budburst decreased from 3.4 to 2.4 days °C−1 along latitude and from 3.4 to 2.5 days °C−1 along elevation, respectively. The field phenological observations verified the experimental results. Our findings provide empirical evidence of spatial differences in the relative effects of spring temperature and daylength on ginkgo budburst, which improved our understanding of spatial difference in phenological changes and the responses of terrestrial ecosystem to climate change.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Spatial Difference of Interactive Effect Between Temperature and Daylength on Ginkgo Budburst

Wang²,

Fu³

et al. 2022

Front. Plant Sci.

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“…The results did not prove that limiting factors determine the start and end of the growing season in other vegetation types other than evergreen needleaved forests. The climate‐constraint model is not suited for modelling the spring onset in deciduous forests, which require heat accumulation (Richardson et al, 2013 ) and, in certain deciduous species, chilling requirements (Hänninen, 2016 ) for bud development and leaf unfolding.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The photo‐threshold works similarly as the growing‐degree‐day model (Hänninen, 2016 ) but replaces the arbitrary date when forcing starts accumulating (generally January 1) with the date when daylength reaches the threshold DL start (Meng et al, 2021 ). The state of forcing Sf(t) (Equation 7 ) is calculated as the summation of the rate of forcing Rf(t) starting from DL start (Equation 8 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiation‐constrained boundaries cause nonuniform responses of the carbon uptake phenology to climatic warming in the Northern Hemisphere

Descals

Verger

Yin

et al. 2022

Global Change Biology

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“…Similar as the latitudinal changes in forcing and chilling caused by warming, winter chilling and spring forcing will also change in divergent directions along the elevation, hence leading to elevation‐induced phenological shifts (Hänninen and Tanino, 2011; Hänninen, 2016). Indeed, we found the number of forcing hours has increased across almost all the elevations between 2001 and 2017 for each mountain in temperate China, leading to earlier green‐up dates.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To do so, we used an idealized daily temperature curve to convert weather records of daily maximum and minimum temperatures to hourly temperature records (Linvill, 1990). Chilling units were calculated as the sum of hourly temperature records between 0 to 5°C (Hänninen, 2016) for the pre‐season chilling period. According to research of similar areas in the Northern Hemisphere (Fu et al ., 2015; Chen et al ., 2018), we defined the pre‐season chilling period as November 1st of the previous year to April 30th.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Divergent changes of the elevational synchronicity in vegetation spring phenology in North China from 2001 to 2017 in connection with variations in chilling

Dai

Zhu

Mao

et al. 2021

Intl Journal of Climatology

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Mountain ecosystems are sensitive to climate change, and vegetation phenology provides one of the best signals to exemplify ecosystem responses to climate change. Vegetation phenology of mountain ecosystems is usually characterized with an elevational pattern, with the growing season starts earlier and ends later in lower versus higher elevations. With climate change, this elevational gradient of vegetation phenology is likely to shift as well. However, both the patterns and the underlying driving forces for potential changes in this elevational gradient of vegetation phenology are still unclear. Here, we used 500‐m resolutioned normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) data from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) for the period of 2001 to 2017 to investigate changes in the start of growing season (SOS) along the elevational gradient for six mountains in northern China dominated by broadleaf deciduous forests. We found that while SOS consistently advanced for most of the pixels, the elevational lapse rate of SOS (SE) showed various trends for different mountains. Specifically, SE showed a significant (p‐value < .05) decreasing trend for the two southernmost mountains, indicating an increasing elevational synchronization in SOS. However, such phenological synchronization was not found in other temperate mountains. As warming has caused relatively consistent increases in heat forcing across different elevations and among different mountains but has led to highly various changes in chilling hours between high and low elevations, we suggested that the distinctive pattern in elevational synchronicity of spring phenology between southern and northern mountains in temperate China was primarily due to their different recent changes in chilling hours. Our work provides a novel key hypothesis for explaining the divergent changes in elevational gradients of vegetation phenology that can be tested in other regions for mountain ecosystems.

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The Annual Phenological Cycle

Cited by 10 publications

References 188 publications

Spatial Difference of Interactive Effect Between Temperature and Daylength on Ginkgo Budburst

Spatial Difference of Interactive Effect Between Temperature and Daylength on Ginkgo Budburst

Radiation‐constrained boundaries cause nonuniform responses of the carbon uptake phenology to climatic warming in the Northern Hemisphere

Divergent changes of the elevational synchronicity in vegetation spring phenology in North China from 2001 to 2017 in connection with variations in chilling

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