The annual impact of seasonal influenza in the US: Measuring disease burden and costs

Molinari, Noelle-Angelique; Ortega-Sánchez, Ismael R.; Messonnier, Mark L.; Thompson, W.; Wortley, Pascale M.; Weintraub, Eric; Bridges, Carolyn B.

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2007.03.046

Cited by 1,496 publications

(1,261 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…While the LOS from the current study is longer than the previously published Canadian estimates, the LOS of 10.8 days is consistent with estimates from the United States, where studies have reported LOS of approximately 10 days 17, 18…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Resource utilization and cost of influenza requiring hospitalization in Canadian adults: A study from the serious outcomes surveillance network of the Canadian Immunization Research Network

Ng¹,

Noorduyn

et al. 2018

Influenza Resp Viruses

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BackgroundConsideration of cost determinants is crucial to inform delivery of public vaccination programs.Objectives to estimate the average total cost of laboratory‐confirmed influenza requiring hospitalization in Canadians prior to, during, and 30 days following discharge. To analyze effects of patient/disease characteristics, treatment, and regional differences in costs.MethodsStudy utilized previously recorded clinical characteristics, resource use, and outcomes of laboratory‐confirmed influenza patients admitted to hospitals in the Serious Outcomes Surveillance (SOS), Canadian Immunization Research Network (CIRN), from 2010/11 to 2012/13. Unit costs including hospital overheads were linked to inpatient/outpatient resource utilization before and after admissions.ResultsDataset included 2943 adult admissions to 17 SOS Network hospitals and 24 Toronto Invasive Bacterial Disease Network hospitals. Mean age was 69.5 years. Average hospital stay was 10.8 days (95% CI: 10.3, 11.3), general ward stays were 9.4 days (95% CI: 9.0, 9.8), and ICU stays were 9.8 days (95% CI: 8.6, 11.1) for the 14% of patients admitted to the ICU. Average cost per case was $14 612 CAD (95% CI: $13 852, $15 372) including $133 (95% CI: $116, $150) for medical care prior to admission, $14 031 (95% CI: $13 295, $14 768) during initial hospital stay, $447 (95% CI: $271, $624) post‐discharge, including readmission within 30 days.ConclusionThe cost of laboratory‐confirmed influenza was higher than previous estimates, driven mostly by length of stay and analyzing only laboratory‐confirmed influenza cases. The true per‐patient cost of influenza‐related hospitalization has been underestimated, and prevention programs should be evaluated in this context.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Resource utilization and cost of influenza requiring hospitalization in Canadian adults: A study from the serious outcomes surveillance network of the Canadian Immunization Research Network

Ng¹,

Noorduyn

et al. 2018

Influenza Resp Viruses

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“…A serum antibody titer of 40 or a 4-fold increase in the hemagglutinin titer is normally considered protective in healthy individuals. 18 Using these parameters, several studies have shown that the vaccine response varies depending on the cancer type. For instance, patients with breast cancer 19,20 or lung cancer 21 have mean vaccine response rates of 66% and 78%, respectively, which are similar to that of the general population.…”

Section: Inactivated Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Practical review of immunizations in adult patients with cancer

Ariza-Heredia¹,

Chemaly²

2015

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

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“…Most studies have focused on data from hospital discharge and healthcare utilization records in middle‐ or high‐income countries 4, 5. This approach excludes persons who did not seek medical care because of financial or logistical constraints.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, few estimates are available about the economic impact‐related caregivers' lost productivity and money spent on over‐the‐counter medications and other out‐of‐pocket expenses. Last, most data are from high‐income countries, despite the fact that influenza occurs in low‐ and middle‐income countries at similar or greater rates 5, 6, 7. To assess the full economic burden of influenza in a middle‐income country, we estimated both the direct and indirect costs among persons enrolled in a community‐based cohort study of influenza in Peru.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A population‐based estimate of the economic burden of influenza in Peru, 2009–2010

Tinoco

Azziz‐Baumgartner

Rázuri

et al. 2016

Influenza Resp Viruses

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IntroductionInfluenza disease burden and economic impact data are needed to assess the potential value of interventions. Such information is limited from resource‐limited settings. We therefore studied the cost of influenza in Peru.MethodsWe used data collected during June 2009–December 2010 from laboratory‐confirmed influenza cases identified through a household cohort in Peru. We determined the self‐reported direct and indirect costs of self‐treatment, outpatient care, emergency ward care, and hospitalizations through standardized questionnaires. We recorded costs accrued 15‐day from illness onset. Direct costs represented medication, consultation, diagnostic fees, and health‐related expenses such as transportation and phone calls. Indirect costs represented lost productivity during days of illness by both cases and caregivers. We estimated the annual economic cost and the impact of a case of influenza on a household.ResultsThere were 1321 confirmed influenza cases, of which 47% sought health care. Participants with confirmed influenza illness paid a median of $13 [interquartile range (IQR) 5–26] for self‐treatment, $19 (IQR 9–34) for ambulatory non‐medical attended illness, $29 (IQR 14–51) for ambulatory medical attended illness, and $171 (IQR 113–258) for hospitalizations. Overall, the projected national cost of an influenza illness was $83–$85 millions. Costs per influenza illness represented 14% of the monthly household income of the lowest income quartile (compared to 3% of the highest quartile).ConclusionInfluenza virus infection causes an important economic burden, particularly among the poorest families and those hospitalized. Prevention strategies such as annual influenza vaccination program targeting SAGE population at risk could reduce the overall economic impact of seasonal influenza.

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The annual impact of seasonal influenza in the US: Measuring disease burden and costs

Cited by 1,496 publications

References 28 publications

Resource utilization and cost of influenza requiring hospitalization in Canadian adults: A study from the serious outcomes surveillance network of the Canadian Immunization Research Network

Resource utilization and cost of influenza requiring hospitalization in Canadian adults: A study from the serious outcomes surveillance network of the Canadian Immunization Research Network

Practical review of immunizations in adult patients with cancer

A population‐based estimate of the economic burden of influenza in Peru, 2009–2010

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