The Animal Hospital as a Source of Antibiotic Resistant Staphylococci

Live, I.; Nichols, Anna C.

doi:10.1093/infdis/108.2.195

Cited by 24 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Hare & Thomas (1956) demonstrated that staphylococci were spread from the anterior nares of a carrier to his skin and clothing and thence to the surroundings; therefore the methods used in the present study included repeated nose and skin swabbing, air sampling in huts and monitoring of sleeping bags used on sledging expeditions. Nose swabs were also collected from the sledge dogs at the station, for some men had repeated close contact with them and dogs have been shown capable of carrying pathogenic human staphylococci (Pagano et al 1960;Live & Nichols, 1961.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Staphylococcal epidemiology in Antarctica

Cameron

1970

J. Hyg.

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SUMMARYAn investigation of staphylococcal epidemiology was undertaken at an Australian National Antarctic Research Expedition station during [1965][1966]. It concerned the carriage of staphylococci by the men and their dogs, and the occurrence of staphylococci in the station environment. The year-long study indicated that coagulase-negative strains survived better in the Antarctic environment than coagulase-positive strains. It was demonstrated that naturally acquired coagulase-positive strains could not maintain colonization on forearm skin under the usual cold exposure experienced at Mawson station, though coagulasenegative skin strains appeared to thrive during the winter. Staphylococcus albus and S. aureus were able to persist in the anterior nares, despite the sometimes lower temperatures recorded in this micro-climate, probably because of the greater humidity and denser populations found there. The majority of the nasal carriers of S. aureus were persistent carriers, only two men in 27 being found to be occasional carriers of nasal strains, which was consistent with the observation that transfer of this pathogen from man to man is not common under Antarctic conditions. Half of the 27 sledge dogs at the station were found to carry coagulasepositive staphylococci but this did not appear to be of pathological significance to their human handlers. The local inanimate environment, including mess hut, sleeping huts and sleeping bags used on expeditions, was searched for contamination by S. aureus but none was detected.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Staphylococcal epidemiology in Antarctica

Cameron

1970

J. Hyg.

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“…Subsequent studies reported that, compared with many other animals, dogs seem to be particularly susceptible to nasal carriage of S. aureus [9][10][11][12], with some studies reporting up to a 70%-88% carriage rate in the canine population [10,11]. In 1961, Live and Nichols [13] reported a high rate of nasal carriage of antibiotic-resistant, coagulase-positive staphylococci among fourth-year veterinary students, many of whom also had skin infections caused by the same organism. The high prevalence of antibiotic-resistant staphylococci among hospitalized dogs, who often received antibiotics as prophylaxis and therapy, was thought to have contributed to colonization and disease in these students.…”

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Asymptomatic Nasal Carriage of Mupirocin‐Resistant, Methicillin‐ResistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA) in a Pet Dog Associated with MRSA Infection in Household Contacts

2003

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Recurrent methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection in a patient with diabetes and in his wife is described. Culture of nares samples from the family dog grew mupirocin-resistant (minimum inhibitory concentration >1024 microg/mL) MRSA that had a pulsed-field gel electrophoresis chromosomal pattern identical to the MRSA isolated from the patient's nares and his wife's wound. Further recurrence of MRSA infection and nasal colonization in the couple was prevented only after successful eradication of MRSA from the family dog's nares.

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“…UttIe information, however, has been published on studies in small animal practice (Silberg etal. 1967;Baker 1969;Live and Nichols 1960;Grund etal.1985).…”

Section: Microbial Contamination Air Surface Veterinary Surgerymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…UttIe information, however, has been published on studies in small animal practice (Silberg etal. 1967;Baker 1969;Live and Nichols 1960; Grund etal.1985).With a continuing privatization of veterinary practice in our country, which leads to the establishment of surgeries for small animals, data on hygienic standards will be needed. The requirements for arrangement and furnishing of private veterinary consulting rooms and surgeries have been described by Williamson (1967).…”

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confidence: 99%

Microbial contamination in the environment of a clinic for small animals at the University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences in Brno

Fiser¹,

Živnová²

1994

Acta Vet. Brno

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FUer A. and V. Zivnova: Microbial contamination in the environmentofa clinic for small animals at the University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences in Bmo. Acta vet. Brno, 63, 1994: 25-31. The microbial contamination of the air and defined surfaces in'the waiting room and four surgeries of the clinic for small animals was studied between January and September 1989. The waiting room and surgery I, in which patients were examined to be treated immediately or referred for further examination to specialists, were taken as an example of veterinary practice. During the period studied, 8,876 animals were seen there. On 12 occasions, the air was examined by sedimentation and aeroscopic methods and the defined surfaces by swabbing. Air microflora in both the waiting room and surgery I increased between the opening and closing hours. In the other investigated rooms with different working regimens (surgery II, m, and IV), microbial counts in air samples were usually higher before than after surgery hours. The average surface contamination of tables and floors in these surgeries was higher than that in surgery I. From the surfaces tested, the lowest contamination with lactose-utilizing microbes was found on the preparation tables in all four surgeries and on the examination table in surgery I both before and after surgery hours. From the micrococci isolated from air samples, 32.8 % were found to be staphylococci positive in the plasmacoagulase test. Microbial contamination, air, surface, veterinary surgeryIn hospitals for small animals, microbial contamination of the air and surfaces may increase to such an extent that it may become a source of acquired infection for the animals treated there (B e c h -N i e I sen 1979). In both human and veterinary medicine this condition is called a hospital-acquired or nosocomial infection (P 0 s P U iI 1978: May r 1983) or Krankenhaus Infektion (G ru n d etal. 1985). Theiroccurrenceranges from 2 % to 20 % (D a s c h n er 1979 cited by Grund et al. 1985). UttIe information, however, has been published on studies in small animal practice (Silberg etal. 1967;Baker 1969;Live and Nichols 1960; Grund etal.1985).With a continuing privatization of veterinary practice in our country, which leads to the establishment of surgeries for small animals, data on hygienic standards will be needed. The requirements for arrangement and furnishing of private veterinary consulting rooms and surgeries have been described by Williamson (1967). The present study provides information about microbial contamination of the air and defined surfaces in selected outpatient surgeries of the Internal Clinic for Small Animals at the University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences in Brno. Some issues associated with the sanitary regimen of the new veterinary surgeries are discussed. Materials and Methods •The period of study lasted from January 11 till September 13, 1989. During that time, 8,879 patients were treat-• ed in surgery I with an attached waiting room. These rooms were situated in building no....

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The Animal Hospital as a Source of Antibiotic Resistant Staphylococci

Cited by 24 publications

References 0 publications

Staphylococcal epidemiology in Antarctica

Staphylococcal epidemiology in Antarctica

Asymptomatic Nasal Carriage of Mupirocin‐Resistant, Methicillin‐ResistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA) in a Pet Dog Associated with MRSA Infection in Household Contacts

Microbial contamination in the environment of a clinic for small animals at the University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences in Brno

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