The angriest summer on record: Assessing canopy damage and economic costs of an extreme climatic event

Tabassum, Samiya; Manea, Anthony; Ossola, Alessandro; Thomy, Buyani; Blackham, Dominic; Leishman, Michelle R.

doi:10.1016/j.ufug.2021.127221

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Extreme weather events have the potential to kill plants and reshape ecosystems as these events increase in severity and frequency (Tabassum et al 2021;Marchin et al 2022). The surprisingly high and uniform acclimation response of Acacia species to a heatwave could partly explain why species from the genus are successful across such a broad range of biomes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consistently high heat tolerance acclimation in response to a simulated heatwave across species from the broadly distributed

et al. 2022

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When leaves exceed their thermal threshold during heatwaves, irreversible damage to the leaf can accumulate. However, few studies have explored short-term acclimation of leaves to heatwaves that could help plants to prevent heat damage with increasing heatwave intensity. Here, we studied the heat tolerance of PSII (PHT) in response to a heatwave in Acacia species from across a strong environmental gradient in Australia. We compared PHT metrics derived from temperaturedependent chlorophyll fluorescence response curves (T-F 0 ) before and during a 4-day 38°C heatwave in a controlled glasshouse experiment. We found that the 15 Acacia species displayed surprisingly large and consistent PHT acclimation responses with a mean tolerance increase of 12°C (range, 7.7-19.1°C). Despite species originating from diverse climatic regions, neither maximum temperature of the warmest month nor mean annual precipitation at origin were clear predictors of PHT. To our knowledge, these are some of the largest measured acclimation responses of PHT from a controlled heatwave experiment. This remarkable capacity could partially explain why this genus has become more diverse and common as the Australian continent became more arid and suggests that the presence of Acacia in Australian ecosystems will remain ubiquitous with climate change.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consistently high heat tolerance acclimation in response to a simulated heatwave across species from the broadly distributed

et al. 2022

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“…Future climate change will increase trees' vulnerability to heatwaves and dieback risk as high temperatures keep increasing (Haase & Hellwig, 2022; IPCC, 2021; Kotharkar & Ghosh, 2021). Extreme heat and drought can significantly affect the survival of urban trees (i.e., heat‐damaged leaves, pests and diseases; Hüve et al, 2011; Yan & Yang, 2018), with potentially high economic costs for their replacement (Tabassum et al, 2021).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Extreme heat and drought can significantly affect the survival of urban trees (i.e., heat-damaged leaves, pests and diseases; Hüve et al, 2011;Yan & Yang, 2018), with potentially high economic costs for their replacement (Tabassum et al, 2021).…”

Section: Urban Green Areas Connected To Grey Infrastructurementioning

confidence: 99%

Guidelines to reduce the effects of urban heat in a changing climate: Green infrastructures and design measures

Pereira

Flores‐Colen

Mendes

2023

Sustainable Development

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The co‐occurrence of more frequent, intense and prolonged heat and drought events can lead to severe socio‐economic impacts. The integration of different types of urban green infrastructures (GIs; e.g., urban parks and building greens), and urban and building design measures (DMs; e.g., a network of cool urban spaces and passive cooling), at various scales, can help reduce outdoor air temperature, energy use and heat stress. Numerous accessible or emerging GI and DM solutions exist, highlighting the need for guidelines that evaluate their suitability in enhancing resilience to extreme heat. Those should consider broader aspects such as geographical conditions, urban morphology and development, social‐economic background, governance and sustainability, as well as more specific considerations like maintenance, adaptability and soil and water resources. To facilitate decision‐making, this study proposes guidelines based on a narrative literature review, discussing the potential impact of GIs and DMs and their role in enhancing the city's climate resilience.

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“…(Felson 2016 ). However, in uncomfortable temperatures, the drivers change; for example, consider the Western Sydney LGA of Penrith, which had the highest average maximum temperature, high surface UHI effect (8.29 °C) and low tree cover (19%), and in 2019/2020 experienced the historical record high air temperature of 48.9 °C (Tabassum et al 2021 ). Radiant heat from the carparks was measured at 80 °C and the surface temperature from playground equipment peaked at 100 °C (Purtill 2021 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between violent crime inside and outside, air temperature, urban heat island magnitude and urban green space

Stevens,

Graham,

Beggs

et al. 2024

Int J Biometeorol

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There are more incidents of violence in summer and on hot days, a trend likely to be exacerbated by climate change. Urban areas experience additional temperature modulation due to the urban form, however, to date, no studies have considered the effect of the urban heat island (UHI) or green space with respect to the temperature–violence relationship. This study modelled the relationship between the number of daily violent crime incidents that occurred inside or outside between July 2013 and June 2018, and the average surface UHI or percentage greencover (including grasses, shrubs and trees) within each local government area in Greater Sydney, Australia. Panelised negative binomial time series regression models indicated that the violent crime rate was associated with higher surface UHI for crimes committed outside (p = 0.006) but not inside (p = 0.072). Greater percentage of all vegetation was associated with significantly lower rates of violent crime committed outside (p = 0.011) but was not associated with violent crimes committed inside (p = 0.430). More socio-economic disadvantage was associated with higher rates of violent crime committed inside (p = 0.002) but not outside (p = 0.145). Greater temperature was non-linearly associated with higher rates of violent crime committed both inside and outside (p < 0.001). The findings of this study are important because both violence and heat exposure are critical health issues and will be stressed by urbanisation and climate change. The expansion of green space and/or reduction in UHI may mitigate these effects.

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The angriest summer on record: Assessing canopy damage and economic costs of an extreme climatic event

Cited by 13 publications

References 35 publications

Consistently high heat tolerance acclimation in response to a simulated heatwave across species from the broadly distributed

Consistently high heat tolerance acclimation in response to a simulated heatwave across species from the broadly distributed

Guidelines to reduce the effects of urban heat in a changing climate: Green infrastructures and design measures

Associations between violent crime inside and outside, air temperature, urban heat island magnitude and urban green space

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