The ancient koji mold (Aspergillus oryzae) as a modern biotechnological tool

Abstract

Aspergillus oryzae (A. oryzae) is a filamentous micro-fungus that is used from centuries in fermentation of different foods in many countries all over the world. This valuable fungus is also a rich source of many bioactive secondary metabolites. Moreover, A. oryzae has a prestigious secretory system that allows it to secrete high concentrations of proteins into its culturing medium, which support its use as biotechnological tool in veterinary, food, pharmaceutical, and industrial fields. This review aims to highlight the significance of this valuable fungus in food industry, showing its generosity in production of nutritional and bioactive metabolites that enrich food fermented by it. Also, using A. oryzae as a biotechnological tool in the field of enzymes production was described. Furthermore, domestication, functional genomics, and contributions of A. oryzae in functional production of human pharmaceutical proteins were presented. Finally, future prospects in order to get more benefits from A. oryzae were discussed.

Microbial Cellulases: A Review on Strain Development, Purification, Characterization and their Industrial Applications

“…The CBD is mostly found in bacterial enzymes and it also contains cellulosome, having both types of cellulases, that is; 1) Cellulases bind with CBD, 2) Cellulase without CBD [4]. The bacteria, fungi, protozoan, plants, and animal are the producers of cellulase (Table 1) [31,32].…”

“…The substrate must be easily available and cost effective. The selection of appropriate and cheap carbon source, nutrient media, culture and optimization of conditions are required for the maximum production of Endoglucanase [68]. The optimization of physical (temperature and pH) and Chemical (Carbon and Nitrogen sources) for cellulase production by bacterial and fungal strains is reported in (Table 3).…”

Insight into secondary metabolites of Stachybotrys, Memnoniella, Doratomyces and Graphium between benefits and harmful

“…Thanks to their ability to produce set of prestigious enzymes that is eco-friendly and can replace harmful chemicals used in those industries. [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. This review highlights on Class: Sordariomycetes genera (Stachybotrys, Memnoniella, Doratomyces and Graphium) secondary metabolites.…”

Botryotrichum and Scopulariopsis Secondary Metabolites and Biological Activities

“…Significant progress has been made in discovery and mining of novel fungal Natural products in the past decades. The kingdom Fungi represents an incredibly rich and untapped source of bioactive natural products and seems to be an ideal agent for providing unique chemical compounds against various diseases [4][5][6]. They are present in almost every ecological niche, making them the second largest kingdom after insect and bacteria.…”