The anatomy of the iliolumbar vein: A cadaver study

Jasani, Vinay; Jaffray, David

doi:10.1302/0301-620x.84b7.13195

Cited by 36 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Therefore, as suggested by Jasani and Jaffray (2002), the iliolumbar vein, which is part of the external vertebral venous plexus, is closer to a venous system than a single vein. In fact, the vertical component of the iliolumbar vein, which we called ILV, had an important diameter, which increased as it coursed downwards and can be double when it enters into the iliac veins.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…One of the venous injuries is tearing of the iliolumbar vein (Baker et al, 1993;Tribus and Belanger, 2001;Jasani and Jaffray, 2002). Accidental cannulation of this vein can also occur as a result of misdirection of a catheter destined for the IVC (Chedid et al, 2005;De and Imam, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the one hand, some authors mentioned two veins, both draining into the common iliac vein (Charpy, 1920;Paturet, 1958;Jasani and Jaffray, 2002); on the other hand, the origin of the ALV was the iliolumbar vein (Bourgery and Jacob, 1835;Charpy, 1920;Paturet, 1958;Gabella, 1995;Jasani and Jaffray, 2002). All authors agreed that the iliolumbar vein drained the fifth lumbar segment (Jasani and Jaffray, 2002) or the last two intervertebral foramina (Paturet, 1958;Gillot, 1980Gillot, , 1993Chedid et al, 2005). In an early version of Gray's Anatomy (Gray, 1974(Gray, , 1901, the iliolumbar vein was mentioned without giving its definition, and in a later edition it appeared on a drawing (Gabella, p 1592, in Gray's Anatomy, 38th ed., 1995.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The potential risks of this approach are vascular injuries and neural damage, venous injuries being more common than arterial injuries (Rajaraman et al, 1999;Jasani and Jaffray, 2002;Kiray et al, 2004). Many authors have suggested that the iliolumbar vein should be tied before retracting the common iliac vein medially, to avoid its hemorrhage (Harmon, 1964;Inoue et al, 1984).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anatomical and radiological evidence for the iliolumbar vein as an inferior lumbar venous system

et al. 2007

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The purpose of this work was to study an inferior lumbar venous system, which turned out to be the vertical component of the iliolumbar vein as defined in early works by Bourgery and Jacob, though there is a terminological ambiguity between the iliolumbar vein and the ascending lumbar vein in the literature. However, the iliolumbar vein is most commonly defined as a vein draining the fourth and fifth lumbar vertebral segments. Cadaver studies, including one injection-corrosion, and in vivo venograms were analyzed by visual inspection and measurements. Whether the injection was made via the axillary or the saphenous veins, the inferior lumbar vein was always filled, demonstrating that it is part of the vertebral venous system. An interruption or a plexiform shape of the venous system at the level of the third lumbar vertebra, and an increase in caliber as this vein runs downwards, allowed differentiating the inferior lumbar vein from the ascending lumbar vein. The inferior lumbar vein and the superior iliac vein drained into the iliac veins, either external or internal iliac vein, but typically into the common iliac vein, separately or with a single common trunk. This common trunk was observed in 92% of the dissected cases on the right side and in 46% on the left, whereas it was seen in 50% of the radiological studies on the right side and 52% on the left. Consequently, the inferior lumbar vein was the main component of the iliolumbar vein, and as such should be differentiated from the ascending lumbar vein.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Anatomical and radiological evidence for the iliolumbar vein as an inferior lumbar venous system

et al. 2007

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“…The identification and ligation of the iliolumbar vein in the early phase of the exposure has been recommended to prevent inadvertent avulsion of the vein off the vena cava later in the procedure 18 . A cadaveric study showed that there are variations in the anatomy of the iliolumbar vein, and the presence of multiple iliolumbar veins may increase the chance of inadvertent venous injury 19 . XLIF -the more lateral trajectory compared to that of ALIF does not require retraction of the great vessels for exposure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparison of complication rate between anterior and lateral approaches to the lumbar spine

Hrabálek¹,

Adamus²,

Gryga³

et al. 2014

Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub

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Aim. The aim of this study was to compare the complication rate of traditional minimally invasive anterior with the new minimally invasive lateral trans-psoatic retroperitoneal approaches to the intervertebral discs at levels T12-L5. Methods. A review of all cases of minimally invasive anterior (ALIF) and lateral (XLIF) intervertebral disc surgery at levels T12-L5, treated at the Department of Neurosurgery from January 1996 to September 2011. The ALIF group consisted of 120 and the XLIF group consisted of 88 patients. Preoperative diagnoses were: degenerative disc disease, failed back surgery syndrome, spondylolisthesis, retrolisthesis and posttraumatic disc injury. The surgical steps are described. All surgical intraoperative and postoperative complications directly related to the spinal surgery were prospectively documented. The outcome measure was rate of complications. Results. In the ALIF group there were no major complications, only 35 minor intra-and postoperative complications in 32 patients (26.6%). The main complication was lumbar post-sympathectomy syndrome in 19 patients (15.8%). In the XLIF group there were 26 complications in 22 patients (25%). One major intraoperative complication was partial and transient injury to the L5 nerve root (1.1%). There were 25 minor postoperative complications in the XLIF group in 21 patients (23.9%), mainly transient pain of the left groin or anterior thigh in 11 patients (12.5%) or numbness in the same dermatomas in 9 patients (10.2%). Statistically there was no difference between the ALIF and XLIF groups in complication rate. Conclusion. Anterolateral and lateral retroperitoneal minimally invasive approaches to levels T12-L5 disc spaces are safe procedures with only minor complications and one exception. The rate of complications was similar in both groups. In the case of ALIF, the particular complication was post-sympathectomy syndrome. The main complication of XLIF was transient nerve root injury in one patient due to underestimation of the procedure in the outset. Intraoperative neuromonitoring during XLIF surgery is fully recommended.

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Avulsion of ascending lumbar and iliolumbar veins in anterior spinal surgery: An anatomical study

2007

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To expose the disc between the 4th and 5th lumbar vertebrae in anterior spinal surgery, left to right retraction of inferior vena cava and aorta is required. This manoeuvre can be complicated by venous haemorrhage that, in most cases, is due to avulsion of the left ascending lumbar vein (ALV) or the left iliolumbar vein (ILV). We dissected 23 embalmed cadavers to assess the factors that contribute to the risk of tearing these two veins during retraction. We describe a triangular region that should help surgeons in identifying the ALV and ILV. This triangle is defined by the lateral border of the common iliac vein, the medial border of the psoas major muscle, and the superior end-plate of the L5 vertebral body. We observed that 3 cm between the termination of the left ALV, or a common stem with the ILV, and the termination of the common iliac vein is the critical distance, less than which the risk of venous avulsion is highest. Although the sample considered is small, our study seems to suggest that male patients tend to have a higher risk of venous avulsion than female patients.

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The anatomy of the iliolumbar vein: A cadaver study

Cited by 36 publications

References 13 publications

Anatomical and radiological evidence for the iliolumbar vein as an inferior lumbar venous system

Anatomical and radiological evidence for the iliolumbar vein as an inferior lumbar venous system

A comparison of complication rate between anterior and lateral approaches to the lumbar spine

Avulsion of ascending lumbar and iliolumbar veins in anterior spinal surgery: An anatomical study

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