The Anatomy of Teams: Division of Labor and Allocation of Credit in Collaborative Knowledge Production

Häussler, Carolin; Sauermann, Henry

doi:10.2139/ssrn.2434327

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…They find that having a greater field variety of team members is associated with more novel scientific outcomes. Häussler and Sauermann () found that novel fields in science have more division of labor and more interdisciplinary contributions. Adams and Clemmons () showed that interdisciplinary knowledge flows enhance scientific productivity but they do so to a lesser extent compared to the same‐field flows and suggests that the costs of sourcing from a distant knowledge domain are greater than those of sourcing from one's own domain.…”

Section: Theory and Hypothesesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Workforce Composition and Innovation: How Diversity in Employees’ Ethnic and Educational Backgrounds Facilitates Firm‐Level Innovativeness

Mohammadi¹,

Broström²,

Franzoni³

2017

J of Product Innov Manag

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This article studies how workforce composition is related to a firm's success in introducing radical innovations. Previous studies have argued that teams composed of individuals with diverse backgrounds are able to perform more information processing and make deeper use of the information, which is important to accomplish complex tasks. We suggest that this argument can be extended to the level of the aggregate workforce of high-technology firms. In particular, we argue that ethnic and higher education diversity within the workforce is associated with superior performance in radical innovation. Using a sample of 3,888 Swedish firms, this article demonstrates that having greater workforce diversity in terms of both ethnic background and educational disciplinary background is positively correlated to the share of a firm's turnover generated by radical innovation. Having more external collaborations does, however, seem to reduce the importance of educational background diversity. The impact of ethnic diversity is not affected by external collaboration. These findings hold after using alternative measures of dependent and independent variables, alternative sample sizes, and alternative estimation techniques. The research findings presented in this article would seem to have immediate and important practical implications. They would suggest that companies may pursue recruitment policies inspired by greater ethnic and disciplinary diversity as a way to boost the innovativeness of the organization. From a managerial perspective, it may be concluded that workforce disciplinary diversity could be potentially replaced by more external links, while ethnic diversity could not

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Section: Theory and Hypothesesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Workforce Composition and Innovation: How Diversity in Employees’ Ethnic and Educational Backgrounds Facilitates Firm‐Level Innovativeness

Mohammadi¹,

Broström²,

Franzoni³

2017

J of Product Innov Manag

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“…Indexing systems such as Thomson Reuters and universities would also need to develop support for creditmaps. Similar complementary changes have also been discussed recently, aimed at characterizing contributions rather than assigning weights [18,19,20].…”

Section: Using Json-ld For Transitive Creditmentioning

confidence: 74%

Transitive Credit and JSON-LD

Katz

Smith²

2015

JORS

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Science and engineering research increasingly relies on activities that facilitate research but are not currently rewarded or recognized, such as: data sharing; developing common data resources, software and methodologies; and annotating data and publications. To promote and advance these activities, we must develop mechanisms for assigning credit, facilitate the appropriate attribution of research outcomes, devise incentives for activities that facilitate research, and allocate funds to maximize return on investment. In this article, we focus on addressing the issue of assigning credit for both direct and indirect contributions, specifically by using JSON-LD to implement a prototype transitive credit system.

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“…By tradition, in most fields of science the principal investigator is listed as the last author of the paper. Haussler and Sauermann () find that two‐thirds of the corresponding authors in articles published in PLosONE are last authors; virtually all the other corresponding authors are first author. A survey of 2016 issues of the journal Science by the authors finds slightly more than 79 per cent of corresponding authors to be the last author, slightly more than 19 per cent to be the first author and the remaining 1 per cent to occupy middle‐author positions…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Research shows that corresponding authors are not randomly assigned but instead play a special role in the research. Haussler and Sauermann () find, for example, that being a corresponding author ‘is strongly predicted by conceptual contributions and writing but not by having performed the experiment’ (2014, p. 24). The finding is corroborated if one considers the corresponding authors position in authors lists.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Context Factors and the Performance of Mobile Individuals in Research Teams

Franzoni

Scellato

Stephan

2017

J Management Studies

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We use survey data for 4336 scientific teams, located in 16 countries, where all members were working within a single lab, to test three context factors that potentially affect the capability of internationally mobile individuals to enhance the innovation performance of their research units. We formulate hypotheses on context factors rooted in the knowledge recombination and learning-by hiring theories. The results show that three context factors are positively associated with international mobility and the performance of the research units: the degree to which knowledge in the relevant subfield of science is geographically concentrated, the creative intent of the activities performed and the decision power of the mobile individual.

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The Anatomy of Teams: Division of Labor and Allocation of Credit in Collaborative Knowledge Production

Cited by 7 publications

References 58 publications

Workforce Composition and Innovation: How Diversity in Employees’ Ethnic and Educational Backgrounds Facilitates Firm‐Level Innovativeness

Workforce Composition and Innovation: How Diversity in Employees’ Ethnic and Educational Backgrounds Facilitates Firm‐Level Innovativeness

Transitive Credit and JSON-LD

Context Factors and the Performance of Mobile Individuals in Research Teams

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