“…As regards its generality, plenty of studies confirm the pervasiveness of job polarization in Europe (Goos, Manning, & Salomons, ; Michaels, Rauch, & Redding, in press) and in the context of other major technological transitions like electrification in the 19th century (Gray, ). Empirical work on polarization now covers the U.S. (Autor & Dorn, ), Europe (Gregory, Salomons, & Zierahn, ) as well as individual countries (i.e., Adermon & Gustavson, ; Asplund, Barth, Lundborg, & Nilsen, ; Dauth, ; Fonseca, Lima, & Pereira, ; Harrigan, Reshef, & Toubal, ; Salvatori, ). The task‐based approach has become popular also among economic geographers who study the impact of local occupational structures on competitive performance in metropolitan areas and regions (Bacolod, Blum, & Strange, ; Feser, ; Kok & Ter Weel, ; Scott, ; Scott & Mantegna, )…”