The anatomical evolution of the thyroid cartilage from childhood to adulthood: A computed tomography evaluation

Glikson, Eran; Sagiv, Doron; Eyal, Ana; Wolf, Michael; Primov-Fever, Adi

doi:10.1002/lary.26644

Cited by 33 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 24 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Some have noted the sexbased differences in the size of laryngeal structures that do not become marked until puberty. 2,15,16 It is thought that the relatively larger size of male laryngeal structures could make males less likely than females to experience laryngeal obstruction. 2 The mean age of our patients at diagnosis was 15.37 years, which does imply that a number of patients had already begun to experience or had completed puberty.…”

Section: Patient Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise‐induced laryngeal obstruction (EILO) in children and young adults: From referral to diagnosis

2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective: To identify different presentations, referral patterns, comorbidities, and laryngoscopy findings in children and young adults with exercise-induced laryngeal obstruction (EILO).Methods: We performed a retrospective chart review of 112 patients, age <26 years, with EILO between 2013 and 2016. Results: Of the 112 patients who met criteria, 91 were female and 21 were male. Patients were most frequently referred by pulmonologists (60.7%). The majority of patients (93%) participated in organized sports, most of them at a competitive level. The mean age at symptom onset was 13.8 AE 3.3 years, and the mean age of diagnosis was 15.4 AE 3.0 years. Sixty-seven (59.8%) patients presented with a prior diagnosis of asthma, the majority of whom had failed asthma treatment. The most common symptoms reported were dyspnea (93.8%), wheezing/stridor (78.6%), and throat tightness (48.2%). Ninety-one (81.3%) patients had spirometry performed, with 46 (51.1%) showing inspiratory loop flattening. On flexible laryngoscopy, 87 (78.4%) of 111 patients had paradoxical vocal fold motion. Supraglottic involvement was observed to obstruct the airway in 26 (23.9%) patients, with patterns of obstruction similar to those observed in children with laryngomalacia.Conclusion: Most patients participated in competitive sports, were female, and presented with exertional dyspnea. Most patients were diagnosed with exercise-induced asthma but treated unsuccessfully. Almost one-quarter of our patients showed supraglottic collapse obstructing the airway. Exercise-induced laryngeal obstruction is a more descriptive term than paradoxical vocal fold motion or vocal cord dysfunction, which only describe vocal fold involvement. The time to diagnosis of EILO was shorter than previously reported, suggesting that awareness of this condition is increasing.

show abstract

Section: Patient Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise‐induced laryngeal obstruction (EILO) in children and young adults: From referral to diagnosis

2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…We found that V1, V2, and V3 all increased with age. This may be due to the development and calcification of thyroid cartilage [ 12 , 13 ]. However, it is curious that a higher BMI was correlated to an increase in D1, D2 and D3 but not correlated to V1, V2, and V3.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Normal radiological anatomy of thyroid cartilage in 600 Chinese individuals: implications for anterior cervical spine surgery

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundThyroid cartilage is an important barrier in anterior cervical approach surgery. The objective of this study is to establish normative values for thyroid cartilage at three planes and to determine their significance on preoperative positioning and intraoperative traction in surgery via the anterior cervical approach.MethodsNeck CT scans were collected from 600 healthy adults who did not meet any of the exclusion criteria. Transverse diameters (D1, D2, and D3) of the superior border of the thyroid cartilage (SBTC), inferior border of the thyroid cartilage (IBTC), and the trachea transverse diameters of the inferior border of the cricoid cartilage (IBCC) were measured on a horizontal plane.ResultsAll measured variables had intra-class correlation coefficients (ICCs) of ≥ 0.7. The differences in transverse diameters on the same plane between males and females were significantly different (all p < 0.001). The SBTC is most often at C4 in women (59.5%) and C4/5 in men (36.4%), the IBTC is most often at C5 in women (48.1%) and men (46.2%), and the IBCC is primarily located at C6 in women (45.2%) and C6 or C6/7 in men (34.4%) (all p < 0.001).ConclusionWe present normative values for thyroid cartilage at three planes of SBTC, IBTC, and IBCC in Chinese individuals. The individual and gender differences in the location of the thyroid cartilage and the size of the thyroid cartilage and the cricoid cartilage provide an anatomical basis to localize the skin incision, to predict the difficulty of intraoperative exposure and retractor pulling, and to identify that the thyroid cartilage protected the pharyngoesophageal wall.

show abstract

“…Although the morphometry of the laryngeal skeleton significantly alters until puberty, these alterations does not demonstrate statistical differences between genders. However, male larynx enlarges significantly after puberty in comparison with female larynx (1,2). However, there is no report that evaluating gender differences of the normal glottal configuration in resting position.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The incidence of DM is increasing day by day. (1,2). The total number of diabetic patients is expected to be 439 million by 2030 (1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Revisiting the Morphometry of Cricoid Cartilage and Vocal Folds

Vatansever

Güneş

Demiryürek

2019

Harran Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Rima glottidis and cricoid cartilage are important parts for laryngeal passage. However, their complex anatomical organizations give rise to occur some difficulties during intubation or surgeries. Therefore, these anatomical structures have great risk of damage during these procedures. The main aim of this study is to evaluate detailed morphometric properties of these critical parts of the larynx. Methods: In this study, 74 female and 76 male patients', without any pathology in their laryngeal and neck regions, computed tomography images were examined, retrospectively. Anteroposterior diameter of the supraglottic region immediately above the vocal folds, anterior angle of the vocal folds, transverse diameter of the rima glottidis and anteroposterior and transverse diameters of the cricoid cartilage were measured using Osirix-Lite version 9. Results: Transverse diameter of the cricoid cartilage was found less than 1 cm, however, the transverse diameter of the rima glottidis was significantly smaller. All variables except for anterior angle of the vocal folds were higher in men than women. Conclusions: The transverse diameter of the rima glottidis was the narrowest part of the laryngeal passage. The physicians should be aware of this part of the larynx besides the cricoid cartilage during endotracheal tube administrations.

show abstract

The anatomical evolution of the thyroid cartilage from childhood to adulthood: A computed tomography evaluation

Abstract: 4. Laryngoscope, 127:E354-E358, 2017.

Cited by 33 publications

References 24 publications

Exercise‐induced laryngeal obstruction (EILO) in children and young adults: From referral to diagnosis

Exercise‐induced laryngeal obstruction (EILO) in children and young adults: From referral to diagnosis

Normal radiological anatomy of thyroid cartilage in 600 Chinese individuals: implications for anterior cervical spine surgery

Revisiting the Morphometry of Cricoid Cartilage and Vocal Folds

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About