The analysis of the spatiotemporal variations and mechanisms for the near-surface wind speed over China in the last 40 years

Abstract

Near-surface wind speed is of great signi cance in many aspects of the human production and living.This study analyses the spatiotemporal characteristics of the near-surface wind speed and wind speed percentiles with meteorological station observations in China from 1979 to 2019. Furthermore, the mechanisms of the wind speed variations are also investigated with ERA-Interim reanalysis dataset.Spatially, the wind speeds in the northern and eastern regions of China are larger than that in the central and southern regions. Seasonally, the wind speed in spring is signi cantly larger than that in the other seasons. The dispersion degree of wind speed in spring is larger than that in the other seasons both spatially and temporally. The near-surface wind speed in China shows signi cantly decreasing trends during 1979-2019, particularly in 1979-1999, but the wind speed trend reversed after 2000. After dividing the wind speed into different percentiles, it recognizes that the decreasing trend of stronger winds are more signi cant than that of weaker winds. The weaker the wind speed, the more signi cant increasing trend after 2000. Therefore, the decreasing wind speed trend before 2000 is mainly caused by the signi cant reduction of strong wind, while the reversal trend after 2000 results from the increase of weak wind. The variations of the wind speed over China attributed to both the U and V wind components, and the variations of zonal wind is closely related to the weakened upper westerly wind eld and the uneven warming between high and low latitudes.

Analysis and Prediction of Wind Speed Effects in East Asia and the Western Pacific Based on Multi-Source Data

“…It is also mentioned in several excellent papers referenced in this paper that, in the Chinese region, it is found that the spatiotemporal variability in wind resources in China is apparent and northeast China has the highest wind potential [17]. In addition, significant results show that the larger near-surface wind speed mainly occur in the northern and eastern regions, the Tibetan Plateau, and the Western Pacific zones in China [20]. This is consistent with the wind resources studied in this paper and verifies the accuracy of the text.…”

“…According to the literature cited in this paper, annual surface wind speed (SWS) decreased from 1980 to 2012, with human activities being the most likely reason for the drop, while the improvement in the Asian meridional circulation was a key factor in the increase in SWS in winter [16]. Moreover, prior research has discovered a significantly decreased near-surface wind speed trend in China from 1979 to 2019, particularly between 1979 and 1996 [20]. The multi-year average wind speed showed a decreasing trend before 2010 and an increasing trend after 2010, when the study area and time range of this paper were combined [35].…”

“…The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in China, eastern Inner Mongolia, and southeastern Mongolia have the highest wind speeds. The wind speed is higher than in the prior three monsoons [20]. The main reason for this is that wind-energy supplies in the winter are primarily sourced from the chilly northern Eurasian continent, Siberia, and Mongolia.…”

Extreme-wind events in China in the past 50 years and their impacts on sandstorm variations

“…Some studies pointed out that the stilling wind speed is caused by the significantly decreasing high-level wind speed, which is related to the weakening large-scale atmospheric circulation (Gastineau and Soden, 2009), such as atmosphere-ocean circulation (Zha et al, 2021) and Arctic oscillation (AO, Ge et al, 2021). The weakening large-scale circulation may be because high latitudes warm faster and more significantly than other areas, resulting in reduced differences of temperature and pressure between high and low latitudes (Li et al, 2022). Other studies argue that the weakening wind speed is related to significant changes in land-surface conditions, including changes in land-use type (Deng et al, 2021) and urbanization (Wang et al, 2020).…”

Spatial vegetation structure and its effect on wind erosion of Alxa dryland ecosystem

“…The prevailing wind direction is northnorthwest. Dust and sand storm occurs centrally between March and May, and days with wind greater than 17 m s −1 were approximately 10 d per year (Li et al 2022). Basic soils mainly are aeolian sandy soils, light brown soils and gray desert soils.…”