The analysis of microhardness measurement approach for characterization of hard coatings

Consideration on Surface Modification of Steel Dies to Reducing the Plastic Sticking in the Forming Process

“…Wetting angles after the nitriding were also slightly decreased, which also can be explained with the influence of the chemically altered surface and/or with the influence of the slightly higher roughness according to Wenzel theory. Hard DLC (tetrahedral amorphous DLC: t-aC) was coated on HPM38 with the method of graphite pulsed arc sputtering [19]. The coating thickness was about 1 µm.…”

Current−Voltage Characteristics of in Situ Graphitization of Hydrocarbon Coated on ZnSe Nanowire

“…It may contain a fraction of sp 3 carbon bonds stabilized by hydrogen in a wide range from near zero to 100%, which results in a varied microstructure from diamond-like to graphite-like configurations depending on the deposition conditions and hydrogen content. Consequently, the electrical property of the amorphous carbon can vary between insulator and conductor, allowing the amorphous carbon to be applied in field emission, 1,2 microelectronic devices, [3][4][5] hard coatings, 6,7 and gas sensors. 8,9 Amorphous carbon films are also good candidates for novel electrode materials in microfluid biodetection chips for electrochemical analysis because they have a low dielectric constant and excellent gap-filling capabilities.…”

“…It may contain a fraction of sp 3 carbon bonds stabilized by hydrogen in a wide range from near zero to 100%, which results in a varied microstructure from diamond-like to graphite-like configurations depending on the deposition conditions and hydrogen content. Consequently, the electrical property of the amorphous carbon can vary between insulator and conductor, allowing the amorphous carbon to be applied in field emission, , microelectronic devices, − hard coatings, , and gas sensors. , Amorphous carbon films are also good candidates for novel electrode materials in microfluid biodetection chips for electrochemical analysis because they have a low dielectric constant and excellent gap-filling capabilities. − Each of these applications requires that the properties of the amorphous carbon are optimized to fulfill different functionalities, including hardness, surface smoothness, optical transparency, electrical conductivity, field emission, etc., which usually involve only the microstructure and volume fraction of the sp 3 bonds. On other hand, hydrocarbons are also important precursors and solders for construction of complex nanostructures such as bent and zigzag carbon nanotube structures and more complex networks consisting of crossed and T-junctions, coatings on nanowires, nanowires grown on carbon nanotubes, and Ti emitter tips via in situ deposition under an electron microscope. − These nanostructures can be fabricated accurately at a preselected position on the nanomaterials and have possible technological applications in the ongoing miniaturization of optoelectronics and sensing devices.…”

Bias Voltage Controlled Positive Magnetoresistance of Fe 0.05 −C 0.95 /Si Heterostructures

“…Besides the various MR effects mentioned above, anomalous positive MR effects were observed in nonmagnetic silver chalcogenides, homogeneous narrow-gap semiconductors (extraordinary magnetoresistance, EMR) [1] and semimetal bismuth. [2] In addition, there is broad interest in carbon films because of their potential application in field emission, [3,4] microelectronic devices, [5,6] hard coating [7,8] and gas sensors. [9,10] Amorphous carbon has been limited in applications as electrical devices due to its low conductivity.…”