The Analysis of Lithosphere–Atmosphere–Ionosphere Coupling Associated with the 2022 Luding Ms6.8 Earthquake

Liu, Jiang; Zhang, Xuemin; Yang, Xiaoqiang; Yang, Muping; Tie-bao, Zhang; Wu, Weiwei; Qiu, Guilan; Yang, Xing; Lu, Qian

doi:10.3390/rs15164042

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Zhu et al [57] studied the outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) data prior to the Luding earthquake.Significant OLR anomalies were detected on August 9, August 18, and August 28 before the Luding earthquake. Liu et al [58] also investigated the anomalies in AEF and OLR before the Luding earthquake, along with examining disturbances in the ionosphere and investigating the anomalies in infrared radiation and hot spring ions. They found that the AEF anomalies appeared approximately one week before the earthquake, the (infrared brightness temperature) IBT anomalies showed throughout August, and the anomalies in hot spring ions appeared in July and lasted until September, which may indicate the enhanced seismic-ionospheric coupling effect.…”

Section: Superposed Epoch Analysis (Sea) For the Geomagnetic Topology...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Study on Anomalies of the Geomagnetic Topology Network Associated with the 2022 Ms6.8 Luding Earthquake

Yu,

Jing,

Wang

et al. 2024

Remote Sensing

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On 5 September 2022, the Ms 6.8 Luding earthquake occurred at 29.59°N and 102.08°E in China. To investigate the variations in geomagnetic signals before the earthquake, this study analyzes the geomagnetic data from nine stations around the epicenter. First, we apply the Multi-channel Singular Spectrum Analysis to reconstruct the periodic components of the geomagnetic data from multiple stations. Second, we employ K-means clustering to rule out the possibility of occasional anomalies caused by a single station. Subsequently, we construct a geomagnetic topology network considering the remaining stations. Network centrality is defined as a measure of overall network connectivity, where the higher the correlation between multiple stations, the greater the network centrality. Finally, we examine the network centrality 45 days before and 15 days after the Luding earthquake. The results show that several anomalies in network centrality are extracted about one week before the earthquake. We further validate the significance of the anomalies in terms of time as well as space and verify the utility of the centrality anomalies through the SEA technique. The anomalies are found to have a statistical correlation with the earthquake event. We consider that this study provides a new way and a novel observational perspective for earthquake precursor analysis of ground-based magnetic data.

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Section: Superposed Epoch Analysis (Sea) For the Geomagnetic Topology...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Study on Anomalies of the Geomagnetic Topology Network Associated with the 2022 Ms6.8 Luding Earthquake

Yu,

Jing,

Wang

et al. 2024

Remote Sensing

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“…The earthquake reached a ground intensity level of nine, resulting in the loss of 97 lives, with 20 people reported as missing. In a study conducted by Liu et al [43], various geophysical parameters in the ionosphere, infrared radiation, atmospheric elec- On 5 September 2022, at 4:52:18 Universal Time (UT), an earthquake, 6.8 in magnitude, struck near Luding County in Sichuan, China, at the coordinates 102.08 • E, 29.59 • N [41,42]. The earthquake reached a ground intensity level of nine, resulting in the loss of 97 lives, with 20 people reported as missing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The earthquake reached a ground intensity level of nine, resulting in the loss of 97 lives, with 20 people reported as missing. In a study conducted by Liu et al [43], various geophysical parameters in the ionosphere, infrared radiation, atmospheric electrostatic field, and hot spring ions in the seismogenic region were examined. Pre-earthquake anomalies were observed in the lithosphere-atmosphere-ionosphere coupling approximately 10 days before the Luding earthquake.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Lithosphere-Atmosphere-Ionosphere Coupling of Multiple Geophysical Parameters Approximately 3 Hours Prior to the 2022 M6.8 Luding Earthquake

Chen,

Zhang,

Mao

et al. 2023

Geosciences

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Investigating various geophysical parameters from the Earth’s crust to the upper atmosphere is considered a promising approach for predicting earthquakes. Scientists have observed that changes in these parameters can occur days to months before earthquakes. Understanding and studying the impending abnormal phenomena that precede earthquakes is both urgent and challenging. On 5 September 2022, a magnitude 6.8 earthquake occurred in Sichuan, China, at 4:52:18 (Universal Time). The earthquake happened approximately 175 km away from an instrumental array established in 2021 for monitoring vibrations and perturbations in the lithosphere, atmosphere, and ionosphere (MVP-LAI). This array consisted of over 15 instruments that regularly monitor changes in various geophysical parameters from the subsurface up to an altitude of approximately 350 km in the ionosphere. Its purpose was to gain insights into the mechanisms behind the coupling of these different geospheres during natural hazards. The seven geophysical parameters from the MVP-LAI system simultaneously exhibited abnormal behaviors approximately 3 h before the Luding earthquake. These parameters include ground tilts, air pressure, radon concentration, atmospheric vertical electric field, geomagnetic field, wind field, and total electron content. The abnormal increase in radon concentration suggests that the chemical channel could be a promising mechanism for the coupling of geospheres. Furthermore, air pressure, the geomagnetic field, and total electron content exhibited abnormal characteristics with similar frequencies. Horizontal wind experienced temporary cessation or weakening, while vertical wind displayed frequent reversals. These anomalies may be attributed to atmospheric resonance before the earthquake. The results demonstrate that the coupling of geospheres, as indicated by the anomalous phenomena preceding an earthquake, could be influenced by multiple potential mechanisms. The multiple anomalies observed in this study provided approximately 3 h of warning for people to prepare for the seismic event and mitigate hazards.

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“…Following the launch of the China Seismo-Electromagnetic Satellite (CSES) on February 2, 2018, a series of studies have been conducted in various areas. These include data availability (Yan et al, 2020;Liu et al, 2021), global geomagnetic models , ionospheric events such as magnetic storms (Spogli et al, 2021), statistical characteristics of seismic ionospheric disturbances (Li et al, 2020; De Santis et al, 2021), and multi-layer coupling (Marchetti et al, 2019;Zhao et al, 2021;Liu et al, 2023;.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Improved Pattern Informatics Method for Extracting Ionospheric Disturbances Related to Seismicity Based on CSES Data: A Case Study of the Mw 7.3 Maduo Earthquake

Tian,

Zhang,

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The exploration of multi-layer coupling mechanisms between earthquakes and the ionosphere is crucial for utilizing ionospheric precursors in earthquake prediction. A significant research task involves continuously tracking the spatio-temporal changes in ionospheric parameters, acquiring comprehensive seismic anomaly information, and capturing “deterministic” precursor anomalies. Building upon previous research on seismic ionospheric signal characteristics and data from the China Seismo-Electromagnetic Satellite (CSES), we have enhanced the Pattern Informatics(PI) Method and proposed an Improved Pattern Informatics(IPI) Method. The IPI method enables the calculation of the spatio-temporal dynamics of electronic density anomalies detected by the CSES satellite. Taking the 2021 Maduo Mw7.3 earthquake as a case study, we analyzed the seismic signals potentially contained in the electronic density anomaly disturbances. The results show that: 1) Compared to original electronic density images, the IPI method-derived models extracted distinct electronic density anomaly signals, regardless of the data collected whether during descending (daytime) or ascending (nighttime) orbits, or across different time scales of change window. 2) The electronic density anomalies appeared about 40 days prior to the Maduo Mw7.3 earthquake. The evolution of these anomalies followed a pattern of appearance, persistence, disappearance, re-emergence, and final disappearance. Moreover, the evolution trends of the IPI hotspot images calculated from descending and ascending orbit data were similar. These results suggest that the IPI method can capture the spatio-temporal trends of ionospheric parameters and effectively extract electronic precursors related to strong earthquakes.

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The Analysis of Lithosphere–Atmosphere–Ionosphere Coupling Associated with the 2022 Luding Ms6.8 Earthquake

Cited by 9 publications

References 61 publications

The Study on Anomalies of the Geomagnetic Topology Network Associated with the 2022 Ms6.8 Luding Earthquake

The Study on Anomalies of the Geomagnetic Topology Network Associated with the 2022 Ms6.8 Luding Earthquake

The Lithosphere-Atmosphere-Ionosphere Coupling of Multiple Geophysical Parameters Approximately 3 Hours Prior to the 2022 M6.8 Luding Earthquake

An Improved Pattern Informatics Method for Extracting Ionospheric Disturbances Related to Seismicity Based on CSES Data: A Case Study of the Mw 7.3 Maduo Earthquake

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