The analysis of distributions of effective strain and flow stress in longitudinal sections of cold backward extruded copper cans for different punch-face shapes

Miłek, T.

doi:10.1051/itmconf/20171507014

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ITM Web Conf.

2017

DOI: 10.1051/itmconf/20171507014

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The analysis of distributions of effective strain and flow stress in longitudinal sections of cold backward extruded copper cans for different punch-face shapes

T. Miłek

Abstract: Abstract. The paper presents computer modelling results of researches on cold backward extrusion of copper cans. The calculations were carried out using the commercial code QFORM-2D, based on the Finite Element Method (FEM). The simulation of cold backward extrusion process was performed for different punch-face shapes (flat; flat and conical with conical angle 90 0 and 150 0 ; as well as concave). On the basis of obtained results, the analysis of distributions of effective strain and flow stress in longitudin… Show more

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Cited by 2 publications

References 15 publications

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Force and pressure function formulation for direct cold extrusion of aluminum alloy Al 1350 using regression method

Alfaqs¹,

Marahleh²

2021

Nauk. visn. nat. hirn. univ.

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Purpose. Establishing methodology in order to determine mathematically both extrusion force and pressure functions for Aluminum alloy AL 1350 using the regression method of experimental data. Methodology. Several variables (diameter of the cavity for pressing D, degree of extrusion, angle of the punch head cone 2, and ratio of the semi-finished sizes Rs) were included when using the regression method considered. Findings. Diameter and strain were found to play a significant role in predicting both extrusion force and pressure functions associated with the extrusion process. Mathematical formulas for force and pressure were obtained using the regression method. Amethodology has been developed for the mathematical determination of extrusion force and pressure. Originality. Force and pressure functions in direct cold extrusion process are mainly required for the design of extrusion dies. However, the existence of such data in the literature is insufficient to implement the process for direct cold extrusion of aluminum and aluminum alloys as well as for other materials. Results of the study consider the main factors influencing extrusion force and pressure as well as the main differences for types of aluminum alloys. Practical value. The mathematical formulas obtained by the regression method provide a mathematical tool for calculating force and pressure values in direct extrusion process.

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Force and pressure function formulation for direct cold extrusion of aluminum alloy Al 1350 using regression method

Alfaqs¹,

Marahleh²

2021

Nauk. visn. nat. hirn. univ.

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A Comparative Study in Forming Behavior of Different Grades of Steel in Cold Forging Backward Extrusion by Integrating Artificial Neural Network (ANN) with Differential Evolution (DE) Algorithm

et al. 2023

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The cold forging backward extrusion is employed to produce parts that are characterized by better mechanical strength. However, in this process, punches are often prone to breakages because of the large forces encountered in deforming the steel billets. The service life of the punches is affected majorly by the geometrical attributes, the type of steel undergoing deformation, and hence the present investigation focuses on the applications of natural computing algorithms such as artificial neural network (ANN) and differential evolution (DE) optimization algorithm to study the differential influence on the forming behavior of different grades steel and enhance the punch service life. The AISI steel grades, such as AISI 1010, 1018, and 1045, employed extensively in the production of automotive components, have been compared in terms of forming behavior, such as effective stress, strain, strain rate, and punch force. The multi-layer feed-forward ANN architecture was utilized for process modeling with forming responses of finite element (FE) simulations that are strategically planned through the design of experiments (DoE) approach. Considerable variations were found for the effective stress and punch force amongst the steels, while marginal deviations were observed for effective strain and strain rates. Confirmatory experiments were conducted to validate the results of optimal combinations obtained through the DE optimization technique, and the deviations were observed to be in the acceptable range. The cold forging backward extruded components have also been examined for better mechanical soundness through microstructure and micro-hardness analysis that clearly revealed the mechanical integrity and strength enhancement within the forged components. The proposed study would assist the industries engaged in the production of cold-forged steel components in determining the appropriate values of variables to minimize the forming responses and, thus, help in enhancing the life of the tooling.

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The analysis of distributions of effective strain and flow stress in longitudinal sections of cold backward extruded copper cans for different punch-face shapes

Cited by 2 publications

References 15 publications

Force and pressure function formulation for direct cold extrusion of aluminum alloy Al 1350 using regression method

Force and pressure function formulation for direct cold extrusion of aluminum alloy Al 1350 using regression method

A Comparative Study in Forming Behavior of Different Grades of Steel in Cold Forging Backward Extrusion by Integrating Artificial Neural Network (ANN) with Differential Evolution (DE) Algorithm

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