The Analgesic Efficacy of Ultrasound-guided Bilateral Transversus Thoracic MusclePlane Block after Open-Heart Surgeries: A Randomized Controlled Study

Abstract

Background: We aimed to evaluate the analgesic efficacy of ultrasound-guided bilateral Transversus Thoracic Muscle Plane Block after Open-Heart Surgeries. Methods: 70 patients aged above 18 years and scheduled for valve replacement or adult congenital via median sternotomy were enrolled in this study. Patients were divided into two groups, randomized by computer-generated random numbers: the block group, which had the ultrasound-guided bilateral transversus thoracic muscle plane block, and the control group, which had a sham block. The primary outcome was total fentanyl consumption in the first 24-hours. The secondary outcomes were pain score, time to the first analgesic request, time to extubation , ICU stays, and hospital stay. Results: The total fentanyl consumption in the first 24 hours was significantly lower in the block group, with a mean difference of -158.286 (95% CI = (-179.271 to -137.300; p=<0.0001). The time to the first analgesic request was statistically significantly shorter in the non-block group (median 3 hours) than the block group (median 14 hours). During the postoperative period (0.5-24 hours), at-rest pain scores were 1.86 units lower in the block group (the estimate was -1.80, 95% CI = -2.14 to -1.45, t = -10.323 with p <0.0001). Likewise, pain scores with cough were 3.29 units lower in the block group (the estimate was -3.29, 95% CI = -3.80 to -2.77, t = -12.703, p <0.0001).Conclusion: Bilateral Transversus Thoracic Muscle Plane Block is a promising and effective technique in reducing opioid consumption and controlling post-sternotomy pain after open-heart surgery via median sternotomy.Trial Registration: This study is registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04116554; principal investigator: Mohamed Ahmed Hamed; date of registration: October 4, 2019).