The Amount of Energy Emitted in the γ-Ray Form by Radium E

Aston, G. H.

doi:10.1017/s0305004100013815

Cited by 33 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The IB process has a probability per electron emission of approximately α, the fine-structure constant (Struzynski and Pollock [16], Evans [8] ). The existence of this case has been observed by Aston [17]. When the probability is taken into account, the shape of the IB distribution remains the same.…”

Section: Monte Carlo Simulationmentioning

confidence: 57%

Studies on Internal Bremsstrahlung Radiation Accompanying Second Forbidden β-Decay of 36 Cl and 99 Tc

Khalil¹,

Cengiz²

2014

IOSRJAP

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The internal bremsstrahlung (IB) radiation accompanying the β-decay of the second forbidden βtranstionof 36 Cl and 99 Tc sources are Studied. The IB measured using a scintillation -spectrometer. It was analyzed by the variable width peeling-off-method, and then corrected applying the proper corrections. The analyzed and corrected IB spectrum was compared with those calculated according to Monte Carlo simulation and modified KUB calculations(M.KUB).It was found that the present experimental results have a better agreement with the theory than the previous work. Also It was found that the present experimental results are in a better agreement with M.KUB calculations than Monte Carlo simulation. This may be due to that the effect of Coulomb-charge(Z) on the IB process is treated in a more refined manner in M.KUB calculations than Monte Carlo Simulation.The 36 Cl and 99 Tcsources have the same degree of forbiddness but different values of Coulomb charge (Z)and different values of β-endpoint energy(709 KeV and 292 KeV respectively). Therefore the effects of Coulomb charge (Z) and values of β-endpoint energy on the IB-processare studied. It was found that these effects have a large contribution into IB-spectrum for the sources of larger Coulomb charge (Z) and lower β-endpoint energy , as in the case of 99 Tc-source.

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Section: Monte Carlo Simulationmentioning

confidence: 57%

Studies on Internal Bremsstrahlung Radiation Accompanying Second Forbidden β-Decay of 36 Cl and 99 Tc

Khalil¹,

Cengiz²

2014

IOSRJAP

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“…This mechanism was first reported by Aston (1927). Subsequently, many theories have been developed to study this process in which the radiation arises from the emission of a b-particle and its energy loss as it leaves the nucleus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Internal bremsstrahlung spectra of β− particle emitters using the Monte Carlo method

Cengiz

Almaz

2004

Radiation Physics and Chemistry

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“…IB is a low intensity, continuous electromagnetic radiation that is emitted within the transforming atom due to change in nuclear charge by orbital electron capture or beta particle emission, whereas EB is a continuous electromagnetic radiation existing due to the deflection of charged particles (in general) in the Coulomb field of the nucleus of a medium (stopping material), and this EB process occurs in thick target materials [10]. For the first time, Aston [11] observed the emission of IB radiation during beta decay. The quantum theory for IB, without considering the Coulomb effects for allowed beta transitions, was developed by Knipp and Uhlenbeck [12] and Bloch [13].…”

Section: Introduction mentioning

confidence: 99%

External Bremsstrahlung Studies on Films of Lead Monoxide Filled Polycarbonate Composite

Kandagal,

Lobo

2023

Atom Indo.

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The development of high-Z (high atomic number) radiation shielding materials is vital in order to protect personnel who work with harmful gamma radiation sources. At the same time, the emission of external bremsstrahlung (EB) radiation in those shielding materials when the radiation source emits beta particles as well as gamma radiation is also of prime concern.The production of EB in films of lead monoxide (PbO) loaded polycarbonate (PC) composite at eleven different filler levels (FLs) varying, in terms of weight fraction, from 0.0 % up to 10.0 % were investigated experimentally by using beta particles from strontium-90/yttrium-90 (90Sr/90Y) radioactive source. A nonlinear relation is observed between EB intensity and target thickness. The effective atomic numbers of the prepared PbO-filled PC composite films (at different FLs) were determined via EB measurements, followed by calculations, and the values obtained were compared with the modified atomic numbers which were determined for the same composite films (at different FLs) using the Markowicz and Van Grieken equation, and it was found that they are in good agreement. Finally, the atomic number dependence of EB in these composite films (PbO-filled PC composites) has been studied. It is obtained that the intensity of EB spectra depends on the square of the atomic number of the target material.

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The Amount of Energy Emitted in the γ-Ray Form by Radium E

Cited by 33 publications

References 4 publications

Studies on Internal Bremsstrahlung Radiation Accompanying Second Forbidden β-Decay of 36 Cl and 99 Tc

Studies on Internal Bremsstrahlung Radiation Accompanying Second Forbidden β-Decay of 36 Cl and 99 Tc

Internal bremsstrahlung spectra of β− particle emitters using the Monte Carlo method

External Bremsstrahlung Studies on Films of Lead Monoxide Filled Polycarbonate Composite

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