“…Many scholars have attempted to answer this question (Breger & Hill, 1998;Chatters, Taylor, & Jayakody, 1994;Cruz & Berson, 2001;Gordon-Reed, 1997;Hibbler & Shinew, 2002;Hodes, 1999;Hughes, 2003;Johnson, 2004;Kalmijn, 1993;Kennedy, 2003;Leslie, 1996;McNamara, Tempenis, & Walton, 1999;Moran, 2001;Rothman, 1998;Storrs, 1997;Wong, 2003).…”