The American Influence on Conservation in Canada: 1899–1911

Gillis, Roger; Roach, Thomas R.

doi:10.2307/4004729

Cited by 20 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Such considerations provided the impetus for the competing preservationist and utilitarian philosophies in the late nineteenth century USA, when the protection of the environment from human impacts (preservation; John Muir's approach) was faced with the sustainable use of natural resources for human benefits (conservation; Gifford Pinchot's approach). In the historical view, these opinions of preservation and conservation resulted in divergent and sometimes conflicting policies affecting public lands: While national parks (preservation) were designated on the one hand, federal forest reserves and national forests were committed to multiple-purpose management (conservation) on the other both in the USA [102,103] and in Canada [104]. In contrast to Europe, modern forestry, silviculture, and forestry education in the USA did not begin on federal or national lands but in the state lands and particularly on private lands.…”

Section: The Concepts Of Forest Conservation and Preservationmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Interplay of Ownership Patterns, Biodiversity, and Conservation in Past and Present Temperate Forest Landscapes of Europe and North America

2021

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Purpose of Review Ownership patterns and the associated management characteristics are related to forest structures, biodiversity patterns, and their conservation worldwide. A literature review on this topic is missing so far. We fill this gap with an emphasis on the temperate forests of Europe and North America. Mixed-ownership landscapes are the special focus of the analysis. In a first step, historical effects of ownership patterns on forest structure and biodiversity are elucidated. Second, connections between present-time forest ownership patterns and both forest structural and biodiversity patterns are analyzed. Finally, implications for integrative conservation management are evaluated with a special focus on mixed-ownership forest landscapes. Recent Findings Close linkages between ownership type-specific forest management and particular forest structural and biodiversity patterns are identified for past and current forest landscapes. Both in Europe and North America, publicly and privately owned forests show comparable lines of historical development but with a time shift. Forest reserves and ancient woodland with long ecological continuity appear to be mainly connected with public ownership. A high diversity of management approaches and cultural landscape habitats is characteristic of non-industrial small private forests. In mixed-ownership landscapes, a more diverse mosaic of habitats has developed than in mono-ownership landscapes. Summary We conclude that cross-boundary ecosystem management is crucial for effective conservation in present-day mixed-ownership landscapes. Integrative forest management that considers biodiversity and social-ecological aspects across ownerships is indispensable. We present a framework of implications for conservation management in mixed-ownership forest landscapes that build on each other and may enhance cross-boundary ecosystem management.

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Section: The Concepts Of Forest Conservation and Preservationmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Interplay of Ownership Patterns, Biodiversity, and Conservation in Past and Present Temperate Forest Landscapes of Europe and North America

2021

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“…Certainly within North America conservation ideas and policy initiatives regularly In the diplomatic realm, the U.S. took the lead on several fronts: Pinchot organized and presided over the first North American Conservation Conference in 1909, where delegates from Canada, Mexico, Newfoundland and the host country pledged to created independent conservation commissions [38]. Beginning in the 1890s U.S. officials also worked tirelessly to limit unsustainable fur seal harvests in the North Pacific, an initiative that resulted in the U.S., Japan, Russia, and the U.…”

Section: North American Conservation Thinkers Such As George Perkins mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nature’s nations: the shared conservation history of Canada and the USA

Sandlos

2013

International Journal of Environmental Studies

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“…Although the Commission was only obliged to meet and report annually, its specialized committees delivered a sequence of inputs which now seem exceptional for the time and place. They ranged beyond forestry to embrace questions of land use, water resources, public health, mineral development, the management of fish, fur and wildlife, and the promotion of an improved community consciousness about modern planning (Smith and Witty, 1970; Renfrew, 1971; Artibise and Stelter, 1981; Gillis and Roach, 1986a, and b; for an overview see Wynn, 1998).…”

Section: Lion's Pridementioning

confidence: 99%

The Empire Meets the New Deal: Interwar Encounters in Conservation and Regional Planning

Powell¹

2005

Geographical Research

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British imperial and American experiences in conservation and planning are providing fresh interdisciplinary challenges for university teaching and research. The Roosevelt administration's ‘New Deal’ included government‐sponsored interventions in soil erosion and water management and sophisticated regional development agendas. Reviewing samples of the latter areas of concern, this article explores the proposition that, although the British Empire was scarcely bereft of comparable interwar programmes and was becoming somewhat preoccupied with centrifugal tendencies, persistent porosity, exhausting struggles with postwar reconstruction, and comprehensive economic depression, New Deal evangelism was in fact variously anticipated, harnessed, challenged and ignored. A discussion of widely separated national and regional examples locates a layered interplay between uneven imperial and US pulsations, independent local manoeuvres, and critical inputs from key individual agents. The most important filters included the presence of comparatively robust bureaucratic infrastructures and the cultivation of international relationships by scientists and technologists. Encounters with convergent revisionism suggest cautionary leads for students, researchers and teachers alike. Reconstructions of selected contexts underline the presence of familiar posturing, opportunism, and astute patriotic deployment during the emergence of modern styles of globalization.

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The American Influence on Conservation in Canada: 1899–1911

Cited by 20 publications

References 1 publication

On the Interplay of Ownership Patterns, Biodiversity, and Conservation in Past and Present Temperate Forest Landscapes of Europe and North America

On the Interplay of Ownership Patterns, Biodiversity, and Conservation in Past and Present Temperate Forest Landscapes of Europe and North America

Nature’s nations: the shared conservation history of Canada and the USA

The Empire Meets the New Deal: Interwar Encounters in Conservation and Regional Planning

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