The Amazing Role of the Group III of Histidine Kinases in Plant Pathogenic Fungi, an Insight to Fungicide Resistance

Islas-Flor, I.; Sanchez-Ro, Y.; Brito-Arga, L.; Peraza-Ech, L.; Rodríguez, C.; Couoh-Uica, Y.; James, Ann N.; Tzec-Simá, Miguel; Canto-Canc, B.; Peraza-Ech, S.

doi:10.3923/ajb.2011.1.14

Cited by 4 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…; Islas‐Flores et al. ). Furthermore, members of group III HIKs are believed to be the target of commercial pesticides such as fludioxonil, iprodione, and the antifungal natural product ambruticin (Yoshimi et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Functional HIKs are required for plant infection or invasive growth in planta, since their function appears to be essential for the adaption to environmental changes, for example, oxygen saturation, osmotic pressure, temperature, nutrition status, and reactive oxygen species (Islas‐Flores et al. ). Therefore, HIKs appear to be promising fungicide targets, since they are present in pathogenic organisms, whereas absent in mammals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…HIKor response regulator-encoding genes have not been identified in the animal kingdom as a whole (Lander et al 2001;Wolanin et al 2002). In fungi, HIKs are classified into 11 groups (Catlett et al 2003) and known as mediators of environmental stress responses, pathogenicity, hyphal development, and sporulation (Li et al 1998;Hohmann 2002;Nemecek et al 2006;Viaud et al 2006;Islas-Flores et al 2011). Furthermore, members of group III HIKs are believed to be the target of commercial pesticides such as fludioxonil, iprodione, and the antifungal natural product ambruticin (Yoshimi et al 2004;Motoyama et al 2005b;Dongo et al 2009;Fillinger et al 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the molecular and biochemical basis of the infection-related morphogenesis of M. oryzae on the plant surface has been studied intensively within the last decades (Gilbert and Dean 1996;Dean 1997;Talbot 2003;Wang et al 2005) in planta growth and adaption has not been addressed extensively. Functional HIKs are required for plant infection or invasive growth in planta, since their function appears to be essential for the adaption to environmental changes, for example, oxygen saturation, osmotic pressure, temperature, nutrition status, and reactive oxygen species (Islas-Flores et al 2011). Therefore, HIKs appear to be promising fungicide targets, since they are present in pathogenic organisms, whereas absent in mammals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Even though sensor HIKs are related to Ser/Thr/Tyr protein kinases, they are structurally distinct and differ in their chemistry: Ser/Thr/Tyr kinases form phosphoesters, whereas HIKs produce phosphoramidate linkages (Islas‐Flores et al. ). Thereby hydrolysis of phosphoramidates yields significantly higher negative free energy compared to the hydrolysis of phosphoesters, and the use of these higher energy potentials in biological systems differs accordingly (Stock et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Histidine kinases mediate differentiation, stress response, and pathogenicity inMagnaporthe oryzae

et al. 2014

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The aim of this study is a functional characterization of 10 putative histidine kinases (HIKs)-encoding genes in the phytopathogenic fungus Magnaporthe oryzae. Two HIKs were found to be required for pathogenicity in the fungus. It was found that the mutant strains ΔMohik5 and ΔMohik8 show abnormal conidial morphology and furthermore ΔMohik5 is unable to form appressoria. Both HIKs MoHik5p and MoHik8p appear to be essential for pathogenicity since the mutants fail to infect rice plants. MoSln1p and MoHik1p were previously reported to be components of the HOG pathway in M. oryzae. The ΔMosln1 mutant is more susceptible to salt stress compared to ΔMohik1, whereas ΔMohik1 appears to be stronger affected by osmotic or sugar stress. In contrast to yeast, the HOG signaling cascade in phytopathogenic fungi apparently comprises more elements. Furthermore, vegetative growth of the mutants ΔMohik5 and ΔMohik9 was found to be sensitive to hypoxia-inducing NaNO2-treatment. Additionally, it was monitored that NaNO2-treatment resulted in MoHog1p phosphorylation. As a consequence we assume a first simplified model for hypoxia signaling in M. oryzae including the HOG pathway and the HIKs MoHik5p and MoHik9p.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Histidine kinases mediate differentiation, stress response, and pathogenicity inMagnaporthe oryzae

et al. 2014

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Metabolite profiling reveals overexpression of the global regulator, MoLAEA leads to increased synthesis of metabolites in Magnaporthe oryzae

Subba

Saha

Karthikkeyan

et al. 2022

Journal of Applied Microbiology

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Aims To study the altered metabolic pathways and metabolites produced in overexpression and knockdown mutants of a global regulator named MoLAEA, which was recently found to regulate the expression of the genes involved in secondary metabolism in one of the most destructive plant pathogens, Magnaporthe oryzae. Methods and Results Mass spectrometry‐based global untargeted metabolomic profiling was used to identify altered metabolites. Metabolites were extracted from the mutant strains of MoLAEA using two extraction methods viz., aqueous and organic extraction and data acquired using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) in positive and negative polarities. Levels of metabolites involved in various biological pathways such as amino acid as well as polyamine biosynthesis, fatty acid and pyrimidine metabolism showed a remarkable change in the mutant strains. Interestingly, metabolites involved in stress responses were produced in higher quantities in the overexpression strain, whereas certain overproduced metabolites were associated with distinctive phenotypic changes in the overexpression strain compared with the wild type. Further, the expression of several genes involved in the stress responses was found to have higher expression in the overexpression strain. Conclusions The global regulator MoLAEA is involved in secondary metabolism in the plant pathogen M. oryzae such that the mutant strains showed an altered level of several metabolites involved in the biosynthesis pathways compared with the wild type. Also, metabolites involved in stress responses were overproduced in the overexpression strain and this can be seen in the higher growth in media amended with stress‐inducing agents or a higher expression of genes involved in stress response in the overexpression strain compared with the wild type. Significance and Impact of the Study This is the first report of metabolite profiling relative to the global regulation of secondary metabolism in M. oryzae, where secondary metabolism is poorly understood. It opens up avenues for more relevant investigations on the genetic regulation of several of the metabolites found in the analysis, which have not been previously characterized in M. oryzae.

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NikA/TcsC Histidine Kinase Is Involved in Conidiation, Hyphal Morphology, and Responses to Osmotic Stress and Antifungal Chemicals in Aspergillus fumigatus

et al. 2013

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The fungal high osmolarity glycerol (HOG) pathway is composed of a two-component system (TCS) and Hog1-type mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade. A group III (Nik1-type) histidine kinase plays a major role in the HOG pathway of several filamentous fungi. In this study, we characterized a group III histidine kinase, NikA/TcsC, in the life-threatening pathogenic fungus, Aspergillus fumigatus. A deletion mutant of nikA showed low conidia production, abnormal hyphae, marked sensitivity to high osmolarity stresses, and resistance to cell wall perturbing reagents such as congo red and calcofluor white, as well as to fungicides such as fludioxonil, iprodione, and pyrrolnitrin. None of these phenotypes were observed in mutants of the SskA response regulator and SakA MAPK, which were thought to be downstream components of NikA. In contrast, in response to fludioxonil treatment, NikA was implicated in the phosphorylation of SakA MAPK and the transcriptional upregulation of catA, dprA, and dprB, which are regulated under the control of SakA. We then tested the idea that not only NikA, but also the other 13 histidine kinases play certain roles in the regulation of the HOG pathway. Interestingly, the expression of fos1, phkA, phkB, fhk5, and fhk6 increased by osmotic shock or fludioxonil treatment in a SakA-dependent manner. However, deletion mutants of the histidine kinases showed no significant defects in growth under the tested conditions. Collectively, although the signal transduction network related to NikA seems complicated, NikA plays a crucial role in several aspects of A. fumigatus physiology and, to a certain extent, modulates the HOG pathway.

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The Amazing Role of the Group III of Histidine Kinases in Plant Pathogenic Fungi, an Insight to Fungicide Resistance

Cited by 4 publications

References 14 publications

Histidine kinases mediate differentiation, stress response, and pathogenicity inMagnaporthe oryzae

Histidine kinases mediate differentiation, stress response, and pathogenicity inMagnaporthe oryzae

Metabolite profiling reveals overexpression of the global regulator, MoLAEA leads to increased synthesis of metabolites in Magnaporthe oryzae

NikA/TcsC Histidine Kinase Is Involved in Conidiation, Hyphal Morphology, and Responses to Osmotic Stress and Antifungal Chemicals in Aspergillus fumigatus

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