The Alpine evolution of the Southern Alps around the Giudicarie faults: A Late Cretaceous to Early Eocene transfer zone

Castellarin, Alberto; Vai, Gian Battista; Cantelli, Luigi

doi:10.1016/j.tecto.2005.10.019

Cited by 108 publications

(134 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The geological map of Jurkovšek (1986) was later updated by Buser & Draksler (1993) and Buser (2009). The structure of this region is rather complex due to the Alpine tectonics (Doglioni & Bosellini 1987;Poli & Zanferarri 1995;Placer 1999;Castellarin & Cantelli 2000): the Late Cretaceous to Paleogene NE-vergent Dinaric thrusts partially overlap with Neogene N-verging Alpine thrusts (Doglioni & Bosellini 1987;Placer 1999Placer , 2008Kastelic et al 2008), both being further cut and displaced by dextral strike-slip faults active since the Pliocene (Castellarin et al 2006;Vrabec & Fodor 2006;Kastelic et al 2008;Caputo et al 2010;Kastelic & Carafa 2012). In this complex array of structural features, the Tamar Valley area belongs to the informal "Tamar" tectonic block of the Southern Alps, which is separated from the Krn tectonic block by the Resia-Val Coritenza backthrust (Cousin 1981;Venturini & Carulli 2002;Figs.…”

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paleogeographic significance of Upper Triassic basinal succession of the Tamar Valley, northern Julian Alps (Slovenia)

Gale¹,

Celarc²,

Caggiati³

et al. 2015

Geologica Carpathica

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Abstract:The Julian Alps (western Slovenia) structurally belong to the eastern Southern Alps. The Upper Triassic succession mostly consists of shallow water platform carbonates of the Dolomia Principale-Dachstein Limestone system and a deep water succession of the Slovenian Basin outcropping in the southern foothills of the Julian Alps. In addition to the Slovenian Basin, a few other intraplatform basins were present, but they remain poorly researched and virtually ignored in the existing paleogeographic reconstructions of the eastern Southern Alps. Herein, we describe a deepening-upward succession from the Tamar Valley (north-western Slovenia), belonging to the Upper Triassic Tarvisio Basin. The lower, Julian-Tuvalian part of the section comprises peritidal to shallow subtidal carbonates (Conzen Dolomite and Portella Dolomite), and an intermediate carbonate-siliciclastic unit, reflecting increased terrigenous input and storm-influenced deposition (Julian-lowermost Tuvalian shallow-water marlstone and marly limestone of the Tor Formation). Above the drowning unconformity at the top of the Portella Dolomite, Tuvalian well-bedded dolomite with claystone intercalations follows (Carnitza Formation). The latter gradually passes into the uppermost Tuvalian-lowermost Rhaetian bedded dolomite with chert and slump breccias, deposited on a slope and/or at the toe-of-slope (Bača Dolomite). Finally, basinal thin-bedded bituminous limestone and marlstone of Rhaetian age follow (Frauenkogel Formation). The upper part of the Frauenkogel Formation contains meter-scale platform-derived limestone blocks, which are signs of platform progradation. The Tarvisio Basin may have extended as far as the present Santo Stefano di Cadore area, representing a notable paleogeographic unit at the western Neotethys margin.

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Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paleogeographic significance of Upper Triassic basinal succession of the Tamar Valley, northern Julian Alps (Slovenia)

Gale¹,

Celarc²,

Caggiati³

et al. 2015

Geologica Carpathica

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“…The reconstruction of the chronology of the major deformation events affecting the Orobic belt during the Alpine orogeny has been the subject of different regional studies (Laubscher 1985;Zanchi et al 1990a;Schönborn 1992a;Fantoni et al 1999;Castellarin et al 2006;Zanchetta et al 2011;D'Adda et al 2011) which document at least two stages of thrusting predating the Late EoceneEarly Oligocene intrusion of the Adamello batholith. The Oligo-Miocene tectonic activity of the belt, involving the coeval foredeep deposits formed along its southern front, represents a younger well-documented tectonic event (Pieri and Groppi 1981;Gelati et al 1991;Fantoni et al 1999;Bersezio et al 2001;Castellarin et al 2006).…”

Section: Regional Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Oligo-Miocene tectonic activity of the belt, involving the coeval foredeep deposits formed along its southern front, represents a younger well-documented tectonic event (Pieri and Groppi 1981;Gelati et al 1991;Fantoni et al 1999;Bersezio et al 2001;Castellarin et al 2006).…”

Section: Regional Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two main compressive stages affected the central Southern Alps before the intrusion of the Upper Eocene-Lower Oligocene Adamello batholith (Brack 1981;Laubscher 1985;Doglioni and Bosellini 1987;Schönborn 1992a;Castellarin et al 2006;Zanchetta et al 2011;D'Adda et al 2011). The two deformational events include the activation of thrust and strike-slip faults, suggesting a close relationship between the evolution of the transverse zone and the progressive growth of the thrust belt (Fig.…”

Section: Structural Evolution Of the Gvtzmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They generally reflect the reactivation of Upper Triassic to Jurassic normal faults related to the Mesozoic evolution of the South Alpine domain (Gaetani and Jadoul 1987;Bernoulli 2007), which are oriented roughly parallel to the Alpine compression (Berra and Carminati 2010 and references therein). The major example of this kind in the Southern Alps is the Giudicarie line, which represents the reactivation of a Mesozoic paleogeographic lineament separating the Trento Plateau from the Lombardian Basin (Castellarin et al 2006 for a synthesis). In the central Southern Alps, Schönborn (1992a) described other transverse zones, as the Faggio-Morterone, the Lugano and the Lake Lecco lines, whose position is controlled by the reactivation of Jurassic extensional faults which deeply interacted with the emplacement of thrust units during the Alpine compressions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Syn-thrust deformation across a transverse zone: the Grem–Vedra fault system (central Southern Alps, N Italy)

et al. 2012

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The lateral continuity of the E-W trending thrust sheets developed within the Lower to Middle Triassic cover of the central Southern Alps (Orobic belt) is disturbed by the occurrence of several N-S trending transverse zones, such as the poorly known Grem-Vedra Transverse Zone (GVTZ). The GVTZ developed during the emplacement of the up to six S-verging thrust sheets consisting of Lower to Middle Triassic units, occurring immediately south of the Orobic Anticlines. The transverse zone, active during thrust emplacement related to the early Alpine compressions which pre-date the Adamello intrusion, includes three major vertical shear zones, the Grem, Pezzel and Zuccone faults. The major structure of the transverse zone is the dextral Grem fault, forming a deep lateral ramp between thrust sheets 3 and 5. A similar evolution also occurred along the Zuccone and Pezzel faults, which show a left-lateral displacement of syn-thrust folds. The Grem fault was later reactivated as an oblique tear fault during the emplacement of the Orobic Anticlines, due to back-thrusting along out-of-sequence thrust surfaces (Clusone fault). Transpressional deformations along the fault zone are recorded by the rotation of major syn-thrust folds, which also suggest a horizontal offset close to 0.5 km. Records of the first stage of evolution of the Grem fault are better preserved along its northern segment, and structural relationships suggest that it propagated southward and downward in the growing thrust stack. The study of the meso and megascopic structures developed along the GVTZ constrains the evolution of the transverse zone, illustrating the complex deformational phenomena occurring in a transpressional regime. The GVTZ probably reflects the existence of pre-existing tectonic lineaments with a similar orientation. Evidence of pre-existing structures are not preserved in the exposed units, nevertheless the N-S extensional fault systems that characterize the Norian to Jurassic rifting history of the Lombardian basin are valid candidates.

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Progressive offset and surface deformation along a seismogenic blind thrust in the Po Plain foredeep (Southern Alps, Northern Italy)

et al. 2014

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Here we present, for the first time in the Po Plain foredeep (Northern Italy), the middle to late Pleistocene growth history of an outcropping secondary fold and related faults, whose progressive deformation over an intermediate time window (10 5 years) is driven by an underlying seismogenic blind thrust. We trenched and logged an outcropping decametric secondary anticline, related to a deeper blind compressional structure, which deforms fluvial sediments and an overlying loess-paleosol sequence. Folded units were dated, using radiocarbon and optically stimulated luminescence methods, to the late Pleistocene-Holocene and tentatively correlated with glacial-interglacial phases occurring during the time interval from marine isotope stage 6 to the present. A multistep retrodeformation of the fold allowed us to calculate uplift rates for this secondary and shallow anticline, varying between 0.02 and 0.1 mm/yr since circa 200 kyr. Trishear forward deformation modeling of the fold indicates that the amplification of the observed fold could be caused by two shallow thrusts formed through a break-backward activation. This generated a decametric surface fold whose most recent growth was associated with bending-moment normal faulting in the crestal and forelimb region. Our observations demonstrate that near-surface compressive tectonics can be caused by blind thrusting, via a complex array of fault and folds: upward strain propagation and generation of shallow low-angle thrust and related folding seem to be mainly due to secondary fold-related faulting, according to an out-of-syncline thrusting mechanism.

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The Alpine evolution of the Southern Alps around the Giudicarie faults: A Late Cretaceous to Early Eocene transfer zone

Cited by 108 publications

References 33 publications

Paleogeographic significance of Upper Triassic basinal succession of the Tamar Valley, northern Julian Alps (Slovenia)

Paleogeographic significance of Upper Triassic basinal succession of the Tamar Valley, northern Julian Alps (Slovenia)

Syn-thrust deformation across a transverse zone: the Grem–Vedra fault system (central Southern Alps, N Italy)

Progressive offset and surface deformation along a seismogenic blind thrust in the Po Plain foredeep (Southern Alps, Northern Italy)

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