The alpha-adrenergic receptor: Radiohistochemical analysis of functional characteristics and biochemical differences

Unnerstall, James R.; Fernández, I.; Orensanz, Luis M.

doi:10.1016/0091-3057(85)90538-6

Cited by 57 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 103 publications

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“…Our results demonstrate that fish ␣ 2 and ␤ AR have characteristics similar to those of corresponding amphibian (Herman et al, 1996), avian (Dermon and Kouvelas, 1988;Ball et al, 1989;Fernandez-Lopez et al, 1997), and mammalian (Palacios and Kuhar, 1980;Pazos et al, 1985;Unnerstall et al, 1985) receptors. For the first time, a detailed quantitative distribution of ␣ 2 and ␤ AR in developing and adult teleost brain is provided, by using (Unnerstall et al, 1985;Dermon and Kouvelas, 1988;Herman et al, 1996).…”

Section: Properties Of Adrenergic Receptors In the Teleostean Brainmentioning

confidence: 58%

“…For the first time, a detailed quantitative distribution of ␣ 2 and ␤ AR in developing and adult teleost brain is provided, by using (Unnerstall et al, 1985;Dermon and Kouvelas, 1988;Herman et al, 1996). However, maximal receptor densities (B max ) in most areas were considerably lower than those reported for birds (Dermon and Kouvelas, 1988) and mammals (Palacios and Kuhar, 1980;Unnerstall et al, 1985), in studies with the same ligands. This could reflect a difference in brain noradrenaline concentrations, as suggested for similar differences between quails and rats (Ball et al, 1989).…”

Section: Properties Of Adrenergic Receptors In the Teleostean Brainmentioning

confidence: 93%

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Comparative anatomy of α₂ and β adrenoceptors in the adult and developing brain of the marine teleost the red porgy (Pagrus pagrus, Sparidae): [³H]clonidine and [³H]dihydroalprenolol quantitative autoradiography and receptor subtypes immunohistochemistry

Zikopoulos

Dermon

2005

J of Comparative Neurology

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The present study aimed to determine the anatomic distribution and developmental profile of alpha(2) and beta adrenoceptors (AR) in marine teleost brain. Alpha 2 and beta adrenoceptors were studied at different developmental stages by using [(3)H]clonidine and [(3)H]dihydroalprenolol, respectively, by means of in vitro quantitative autoradiography. Furthermore, immunohistochemical localization of the receptor subtypes was performed to determine their cellular distribution. Saturation studies determined a high-affinity component of [(3)H]clonidine and [(3)H]dihydroalprenolol binding sites. High levels of both receptors were found in preglomerular complex, ventral hypothalamus, and lateral torus. Dorsal hypothalamus and isthmus included high levels of alpha(2) AR, whereas pretectum and molecular and proliferative zone of cerebellum were specifically characterized by high densities of beta AR. From the first year of life, adult levels of both AR were found in most medial telencephalic, hypothalamic, and posterior tegmental areas. Decreases in both receptors densities with age were prominent in ventral and posterior telencephalic, pretectal, ventral thalamic, hypothalamic, and tegmental brain regions. Immunohistochemical data were well correlated with autoradiography and demonstrated the presence of alpha(2A), alpha(2C), beta(1), and beta(2) AR subtype-like immunoreactivity. Both the neuronal (perikaryal or dendritic) and the glial localization of receptors was revealed. The localization and age-dependent alterations in alpha(2) and beta AR were parallel to plasticity mechanisms, such as cell proliferation in periventricular thalamus, hypothalamus, and cerebellum. In addition, the biochemical characteristics, distribution pattern, and neuronal or glial specificity of the receptors in teleost brain support a similar profile of noradrenergic transmission in vertebrate brain evolution.

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Section: Properties Of Adrenergic Receptors In the Teleostean Brainmentioning

confidence: 58%

Section: Properties Of Adrenergic Receptors In the Teleostean Brainmentioning

confidence: 93%

Comparative anatomy of α₂ and β adrenoceptors in the adult and developing brain of the marine teleost the red porgy (Pagrus pagrus, Sparidae): [³H]clonidine and [³H]dihydroalprenolol quantitative autoradiography and receptor subtypes immunohistochemistry

Zikopoulos

Dermon

2005

J of Comparative Neurology

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“…Another point which needs to be clarified is whether presynaptic or postsynaptic a 2-adrenergic receptors are involved. Although early experiments have suggested that the activation of the feeding drive is mediated by presynaptic a 2-receptors [24], more recent studies have otherwise argued for the involvement of the postsynaptic a 2-receptors [14,21,22,25]. In particular, the PVN a 2-receptors mediate eating behavior appear to be postsynaptic, since their respon siveness to noradrenergic stimulation is unaffected or even enhanced by the microinjection of a-methyl-/?-tyrosine to block catecholamine synthesis [14,26], Further ex periments are needed to clarify these points.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

α<sub>2</sub>-Adrenergic Receptors Are Involved in the Suppression of Luteinizing Hormone Release during Acute Fasting in the Ovariectomized Estradiol-Primed Rats

Cagampang

Ohkura²,

Tsukamura³

et al. 1992

Neuroendocrinology

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It has been previously reported that the adrenergic system is involved in the control of feeding behavior and LH release. In the present study, the role of the adrenergic receptors in the suppression of LH release during acute fasting are examined by injecting the α₂-antagonist (prazosin), β-antagonists (idazoxan, SKF 86466-A, piperoxan), or β-antagonist (propranolol) into the third ventricle of unfasted and 48 h fasted ovariectomized estradiol-treated rats. Blood samples were collected every 6 min for 3 h and the drugs were administered after the first hour of the sampling period. Prazosin caused a significant suppression of LH release in the unfasted animals while idazoxan and propranolol had no significant effects. In contrast, all α₂-antagonists blocked the inhibitory effect of fasting on LH release and significantly reinstated the suppressed LH release while prazosin and propranolol had no significant effects. We conclude from these results that the suppression of LH release during acute fasting is mediated by α₂-adrenergic receptors but not α_2- or β-adrenergic receptors.

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“…The EC receives abundant noradrenergic projections from the locus coeruleus in the brain stem (19 -21) and expresses ␣ 1 (22), ␣ 2 (23)(24)(25), and ␤ (26) adrenergic receptors (ARs), although the identities of cells expressing these ARs in the EC remain to be determined. Accordingly, application of norepinephrine (NE) in the EC has been shown to inhibit glutamatergic transmission via activation of ␣ 2 ARs (27,28) and facilitate GABAergic transmission via activation of ␣ 1 ARs (29).…”

Section: The Entorhinal Cortex (Ec)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Noradrenergic Depression of Neuronal Excitability in the Entorhinal Cortex via Activation of TREK-2 K+ Channels

Xiao

Deng

Rojanathammanee

et al. 2009

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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The entorhinal cortex is closely associated with the consolidation and recall of memories, Alzheimer disease, schizophrenia, and temporal lobe epilepsy. Norepinephrine is a neurotransmitter that plays a significant role in these physiological functions and neurological diseases. Whereas the entorhinal cortex receives profuse noradrenergic innervations from the locus coeruleus of the pons and expresses high densities of adrenergic receptors, the function of norepinephrine in the entorhinal cortex is still elusive. Accordingly, we examined the effects of norepinephrine on neuronal excitability in the entorhinal cortex and explored the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms. Application of norepinephrine-generated hyperpolarization and decreased the excitability of the neurons in the superficial layers with no effects on neuronal excitability in the deep layers of the entorhinal cortex. Norepinephrine-induced hyperpolarization was mediated by ␣ 2A adrenergic receptors and required the functions of G␣ i proteins, adenylyl cyclase, and protein kinase A. Norepinephrine-mediated depression on neuronal excitability was mediated by activation of TREK-2, a type of two-pore domain K ؉ channel, and mutation of the protein kinase A phosphorylation site on TREK-2 channels annulled the effects of norepinephrine. Our results indicate a novel action mode in which norepinephrine depresses neuronal excitability in the entorhinal cortex by disinhibiting protein kinase A-mediated tonic inhibition of TREK-2 channels. The entorhinal cortex (EC)2 is an essential structure in the limbic system that is closely related to emotional control (1), consolidation and recall of memories (2, 3), Alzheimer disease (4, 5), schizophrenia (6, 7), and temporal lobe epilepsy (8, 9). The physiological and pathological roles of the EC are likely to be determined by its unique position in the brain; the EC serves as the interface to control the flow of information into and out of the hippocampus. Afferents from the olfactory structures, parasubiculum, perirhinal cortex, claustrum, amygdala, and neurons in the deep layers of the EC (layers V-VI) (10, 11) converge onto the superficial layers (layer II/III) of the EC, whereas the axons of principal neurons in layer II form the major component of perforant path that innervates the dentate gyrus and CA3 (12), and those of the pyramidal neurons in layer III form the temporoammonic pathway and synapse onto the distal dendrites of pyramidal neurons in the CA1 and subiculum (12)(13)(14). The output from the hippocampus is then projected to the deep layers of the EC that relay information back to the superficial layers (15-18) and to other cortical areas (10).The EC receives abundant noradrenergic projections from the locus coeruleus in the brain stem (19 -21) and expresses ␣ 1 (22), ␣ 2 (23-25), and ␤ (26) adrenergic receptors (ARs), although the identities of cells expressing these ARs in the EC remain to be determined. Accordingly, application of norepinephrine (NE) in the EC has been shown to inhibit glu...

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The alpha-adrenergic receptor: Radiohistochemical analysis of functional characteristics and biochemical differences

Cited by 57 publications

References 103 publications

Comparative anatomy of α₂ and β adrenoceptors in the adult and developing brain of the marine teleost the red porgy (Pagrus pagrus, Sparidae): [³H]clonidine and [³H]dihydroalprenolol quantitative autoradiography and receptor subtypes immunohistochemistry

Comparative anatomy of α₂ and β adrenoceptors in the adult and developing brain of the marine teleost the red porgy (Pagrus pagrus, Sparidae): [³H]clonidine and [³H]dihydroalprenolol quantitative autoradiography and receptor subtypes immunohistochemistry

α<sub>2</sub>-Adrenergic Receptors Are Involved in the Suppression of Luteinizing Hormone Release during Acute Fasting in the Ovariectomized Estradiol-Primed Rats

Noradrenergic Depression of Neuronal Excitability in the Entorhinal Cortex via Activation of TREK-2 K+ Channels

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The alpha-adrenergic receptor: Radiohistochemical analysis of functional characteristics and biochemical differences

Cited by 57 publications

References 103 publications

Comparative anatomy of α2 and β adrenoceptors in the adult and developing brain of the marine teleost the red porgy (Pagrus pagrus, Sparidae): [3H]clonidine and [3H]dihydroalprenolol quantitative autoradiography and receptor subtypes immunohistochemistry

Comparative anatomy of α2 and β adrenoceptors in the adult and developing brain of the marine teleost the red porgy (Pagrus pagrus, Sparidae): [3H]clonidine and [3H]dihydroalprenolol quantitative autoradiography and receptor subtypes immunohistochemistry

α<sub>2</sub>-Adrenergic Receptors Are Involved in the Suppression of Luteinizing Hormone Release during Acute Fasting in the Ovariectomized Estradiol-Primed Rats

Noradrenergic Depression of Neuronal Excitability in the Entorhinal Cortex via Activation of TREK-2 K+ Channels

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Comparative anatomy of α₂ and β adrenoceptors in the adult and developing brain of the marine teleost the red porgy (Pagrus pagrus, Sparidae): [³H]clonidine and [³H]dihydroalprenolol quantitative autoradiography and receptor subtypes immunohistochemistry

Comparative anatomy of α₂ and β adrenoceptors in the adult and developing brain of the marine teleost the red porgy (Pagrus pagrus, Sparidae): [³H]clonidine and [³H]dihydroalprenolol quantitative autoradiography and receptor subtypes immunohistochemistry