THE ALMA SPECTROSCOPIC SURVEY IN THE HUBBLE ULTRA DEEP FIELD: CONTINUUM NUMBER COUNTS, RESOLVED 1.2 mm EXTRAGALACTIC BACKGROUND, AND PROPERTIES OF THE FAINTEST DUSTY STAR-FORMING GALAXIES

Abstract

We present an analysis of a deep (1σ=13 μJy) cosmological 1.2 mm continuum map based on ASPECS, the ALMA Spectroscopic Survey in the Hubble Ultra Deep Field. In the 1 arcmin 2 covered by ASPECS we detect nine sources at s >3.5 significance at 1.2 mm. Our ALMA-selected sample has a median redshift of =  z 1.6 0.4, with only one galaxy detected at z>2 within the survey area. This value is significantly lower than that found in millimeter samples selected at a higher flux density cutoff and similar frequencies. Most galaxies have specific star formation rates (SFRs) similar to that of main-sequence galaxies at the same epoch, and we find median values of stellar mass and SFRs of , respectively. Using the dust emission as a tracer for the interstellar medium (ISM) mass, we derive depletion times that are typically longer than 300 Myr, and we find molecular gas fractions ranging from ∼0.1 to 1.0. As noted by previous studies, these values are lower than those using CO-based ISM estimates by a factor of ∼2. The 1 mm number counts (corrected for fidelity and completeness) are in agreement with previous studies that were typically restricted to brighter sources. With our individual detections only, we recover 55%±4% of the extragalactic background light (EBL) at 1.2 mm measured by the Planck satellite, and we recover 80% ±7% of this EBL if we include the bright end of the number counts and additional detections from stacking. The stacked contribution is dominated by galaxies at -z 1 2, with stellar masses of (1-3)×10 10 M  . For the first time, we are able to characterize the population of galaxies that dominate the EBL at 1.2 mm.

An ALMA Survey of Submillimeter Galaxies in the Extended Chandra Deep Field South: Spectroscopic Redshifts

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A gravitationally-boosted MUSE survey for emission-line galaxies at z ≳ 5 behind the massive cluster RCS 0224

“…Momentum injection is thought to be provided by radiation pressure produced on the dust grains. However, recent studies using deep Atacama Large Millimetre Array (ALMA) observations (Coppin et al 2015;Aravena et al 2016;Dunlop et al 2016) have shown that low-mass high-redshift galaxies have low dust content and the z = 4.88 arc does not appear heavily reddened (i.e. the continuum is bluer than that observed in the composite spectrum of Shapley et al 2003, see Fig.…”

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“…Aravena et al 2016;Bouwens et al 2016;Dunlop et al 2017). The buildup of the dust mass function suggests that (depending on the sensitivity) blind surveys are most likely to pick up galaxies with redshifts lower than three (see for example Figure 8 in Aravena et al (2016) and Figure 5 in Dunlop et al (2017)). We emphasise that our conclusion is based only on the dust mass of galaxies.…”