The “Aging Factor” Eotaxin-1 (CCL11) Is Detectable in Transfusion Blood Products and Increases with the Donor’s Age

Abstract

Background: High blood levels of the chemokine eotaxin-1 (CCL11) have recently been associated with aging and dementia, as well as impaired memory and learning in humans. Importantly, eotaxin-1 was shown to pass the blood-brain-barrier (BBB) and has been identified as crucial mediator of decreased neurogenesis and cognitive impairment in young mice after being surgically connected to the vessel system of old animals in a parabiosis model. It thus has to be assumed that differences in eotaxin-1 levels between blood donors and recipients might influence cognitive functions also in humans. However, it is unknown if eotaxin-1 is stable during processing and storage of transfusion blood components. This study assesses eotaxin-1 concentrations in fresh-frozen plasma (FFP), erythrocyte concentrate (EC), and platelet concentrate (PC) in dependence of storage time as well as the donor’s age and gender.Methods: Eotaxin-1 was measured in FFP (n = 168), EC (n = 160) and PC (n = 8) ready-to-use for transfusion employing a Q-Plex immunoassay for eotaxin-1. Absolute quantification of eotaxin-1 was performed with Q-view software.Results: Eotaxin-1 was consistently detected at a physiological level in FFP and EC but not PC. Eotaxin-1 levels were comparable in male and female donors but increased significantly with rising age of donors in both, FFP and EC. Furthermore, eotaxin-1 was not influenced by storage time of either blood component. Finally, eotaxin-1 is subject to only minor fluctuations within one donor over a longer period of time.Conclusion: Eotaxin-1 is detectable and stable in FFP and EC and increases with donor’s age. Considering the presumed involvement in aging and cognitive malfunction, differences in donor- and recipient eotaxin-1 levels might affect mental factors after blood transfusion.

Association between plasma CCL11 (eotaxin-1) and cognitive status in older adults: Differences between rural and urban dwellers

“…Importantly, CCL11 determinations for both cohorts were undertaken in the same laboratory, at the same time and with the origin of the samples blinded to the operator. Although the AMI subset had a much larger proportion of males than the 3C subset, CCL11 levels in plasma are not influenced by gender (Hoefer et al, 2017;Larsson et al, 2015). In contrast, CCL11 has been reported to be higher in older individuals (Bradburn et al, 2018;Shurin et al, 2007;Villeda et al, 2011).…”

Blood Serum Stimulates p38-Mediated Proliferation and Changes in Global Gene Expression of Adult Human Cardiac Stem Cells

“…In contrast to this, we detected no significant differences in the protein concentration of MCP1 between old and young plasma samples. Next to MCP1, other factors like GDF11 or eotaxin (CCL11) are also discussed as age-dependent blood borne cytokines [35,[37][38][39]. These chemokines and cytokines were measured in moderate yet significantly higher abundances in young plasma samples compared to old plasma samples.…”

“…Further, IL24 could be found among the most significantly enriched transcripts after treatment with young serum with a log2fold change of +8.8 (Supplementary Table S1). The cytokines GDF11, MCP-1 and eotaxin were frequently discussed in rejuvenation experiments with old mice [34][35][36][37][38][39]. We therefore assessed the respective protein concentrations in old and young plasma samples via ELISA assays ( Figure S1C).…”

Chronic pulmonary exposure to traffic-related fine particulate matter causes brain impairment in adult rats

“…Additionally, we observed that CCL11 and IL-4 had increased after 3 and 6 months of exposure to PM 1 in rats. CCL11 was shown to pass the BBB and was identified as a crucial mediator of decreased neurogenesis and increased cognitive impairment in mice [ 49 ]. Mice lacking IL-4 demonstrated cognitive impairment in a spatial learning task [ 50 ].…”