The age of the “Grande Coupure” mammal turnover: New constraints from the Eocene–Oligocene record of the Eastern Ebro Basin (NE Spain)

Costa, E.; Garcés, Miguel; Sáez, Alberto; Cabrera, Lluı́s; López‐Blanco, M.

doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2011.01.005

Cited by 45 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Terrestrial records, which generally have coarser temporal resolution, show the full spectrum of climatic change during the EOT. Fossil records show a significant turnover event (Grande Coupure) coinciding with the Oi-1 or earliest Oligocene (15,36). This turnover has been attributed to a local shift to drier conditions (36), competition from new arrivals from Asia (37), and increased seasonality (38) and lags the Eocene-Oligocene (E-O) boundary by ∼100-300 ky.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Terrestrial cooling in Northern Europe during the Eocene–Oligocene transition

Hren

Sheldon

Grimes

et al. 2013

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

115

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Geochemical and modeling studies suggest that the transition from the "greenhouse" state of the Late Eocene to the "icehouse" conditions of the Oligocene 34-33.5 Ma was triggered by a reduction of atmospheric pCO 2 that enabled the rapid buildup of a permanent ice sheet on the Antarctic continent. Marine records show that the drop in pCO 2 during this interval was accompanied by a significant decline in high-latitude sea surface and deep ocean temperature and enhanced seasonality in middle and high latitudes. However, terrestrial records of this climate transition show heterogeneous responses to changing pCO 2 and ocean temperatures, with some records showing a significant time lag in the temperature response to declining pCO 2 . We measured the Δ 47 of aragonite shells of the freshwater gastropod Viviparus lentus from the Solent Group, Hampshire Basin, United Kingdom, to reconstruct terrestrial temperature and hydrologic change in the North Atlantic region during the Eocene-Oligocene transition. Our data show a decrease in growing-season surface water temperatures (∼10°C) during the Eocene-Oligocene transition, corresponding to an average decrease in mean annual air temperature of ∼4-6°C from the Late Eocene to Early Oligocene. The magnitude of cooling is similar to observed decreases in North Atlantic sea surface temperature over this interval and occurs during major glacial expansion. This suggests a close linkage between atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations, Northern Hemisphere temperature, and expansion of the Antarctic ice sheets.clumped isotopes | paleoclimate T he Eocene-Oligocene transition 34-33.5 Ma represents one of the most dramatic climatic changes of the past 65 My (1-3). Studies suggest that by 34 Ma, pCO 2 reached a critical threshold where favorable orbital parameters and ocean circulation patterns allowed the rapid buildup of Antarctic ice, triggering widespread reduction in atmospheric pCO 2 and decreases in sea surface and deep ocean temperature (4-8). This event is marked by a +1.5‰ shift in the oxygen isotope ratios of carbonate from deep-sea benthic foraminifera, which reflects both the glaciation of Antarctica and rapid cooling of the surface and deep ocean (1, 3).Marine sediments provide high-resolution records of surface and deep ocean temperature responses to the Late Eocene decreases in pCO 2 and Antarctic glaciation (7,8). These show that cooling was amplified in high-latitude regions, with a decrease in sea surface temperature of >5°C from the Late Eocene to Early Oligocene (7). Tropical sea surface temperature (SST) and deep ocean records show mixed responses to global cooling across the Eocene-Oligocene transition (EOT), with some indicating only modest declines in temperature in the tropics (8) and others showing a 3-4°C decrease in SST during the first stage of the cooling event (EOT-1) (9). One recent multiproxy study suggests that cooling during the EOT was specifically linked to increased seasonality, with the majority of cooling occurring during the coolseason months (...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Terrestrial cooling in Northern Europe during the Eocene–Oligocene transition

Hren

Sheldon

Grimes

et al. 2013

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

115

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“…The origin and potential cause of the Grande Coupure are still largely elusive; hypotheses include climate cooling at the EO transition, dispersal from outside the main European landmasses, or a combination of climate change (cooling) and competition following dispersal into Europe (e.g. [6,56]). An understanding of the cause of the events in Europe is confounded by the minimal faunal turnover in the Early Oligocene (Orellan and Whitneyan NALMAs) in North America mammalian communities at the time of the earliest Oligocene global climatic deterioration, although it was preceded by a long-term decline in diversity over the course of the Late Eocene (e.g.…”

Section: (B) Contrast To Europementioning

confidence: 99%

Mountain uplift explains differences in Palaeogene patterns of mammalian evolution and extinction between North America and Europe

et al. 2015

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Patterns of late Palaeogene mammalian evolution appear to be very different between Eurasia and North America. Around the Eocene-Oligocene (EO) transition global temperatures in the Northern Hemisphere plummet: following this, European mammal faunas undergo a profound extinction event (the Grande Coupure), while in North America they appear to pass through this temperature event unscathed. Here, we investigate the role of surface uplift to environmental change and mammalian evolution through the Palaeogene (66-23 Ma). Palaeogene regional surface uplift in North America caused large-scale reorganization of precipitation patterns, particularly in the continental interior, in accord with our combined stable isotope and ecometric data. Changes in mammalian faunas reflect that these were dry and high-elevation palaeoenvironments. The scenario of Middle to Late Eocene (50-37 Ma) surface uplift, together with decreasing precipitation in higher-altitude regions of western North America, explains the enigma of the apparent lack of the large-scale mammal faunal change around the EO transition that characterized western Europe. We suggest that North American mammalian faunas were already pre-adapted to cooler and drier conditions preceding the EO boundary, resulting from the effects of a protracted history of surface uplift.

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“…Alternating with these relatively wet periods, nearly complete drying of the basin occurred at times of low-stand levels. A magnetochronological framework is available for the complete sequence of the eastern and central Ebro Basin after the work of Barberà et al (2001), Gomis et al (1997), Costa et al (2010Costa et al ( , 2011 and Pérez-Rivarés et al (2002. These studies provide a time framework to test long-period orbital forcing of lacustrine sedimentation in the Eastern Ebro Basin (Fig.…”

Section: Long-period Orbital Forcing Of Lacustrine Sequencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A first phase of evaporite deposition was followed by the fresh-water lacustrine limestones of the Castelltallat Fm, which extended over 100 km along an E-W elongated belt and reached maximum thickness of 200 m at its depocenter. Magnetostratigraphy of the Santpedor-Moià composite section (Costa et al, 2011) allows a precise correlation of this phase of lacustrine expansion to the lower part of chron C13r (Fig. 8), while by the end of the Eocene lake environments shrink and practically disappeared from the eastern Ebro Basin.…”

Section: Long-period Orbital Forcing Of Lacustrine Sequencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

20 Myr of eccentricity paced lacustrine cycles in the Cenozoic Ebro Basin

Valero

Garcés

Cabrera

et al. 2014

Earth and Planetary Science Letters

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Long-period orbital forcing is a crucial component of the major global climate shifts during the Cenozoic as revealed in marine pelagic records. A complementary regional perspective of climate change can be assessed from internally drained lake basins, which are directly affected by insolation and precipitation balance. The Ebro Basin in northeastern Iberia embraces a 20 Myr long continuous sedimentary record where recurrent expansions and retractions of the central lacustrine system suggest periodic shifts of water balance due to orbital oscillations. In order to test climatic (orbital) forcing a key-piece of the basin, the Los Monegros lacustrine system, has been analyzed in detail. The cyclostratigraphic analysis points to orbital eccentricity as pacemaker of short to long-term lacustrine sequences, and reveals a correlation of maxima of the 100-kyr, 400-kyr and 2.4-Myr eccentricity cycles with periods of lake expansion. A magnetostratigraphy-based chronostratigraphy of the complete continental record allows further assessing long-period orbital forcing at basin scale, a view that challenges alternate scenarios where the stratigraphic architecture in foreland systems is preferably associated to tectonic processes. We conclude that while the location of lacustrine depocenters reacted to the long-term tectonic-driven accommodation changes, shorter wavelenght oscillations of lake environments, still million-year scale, claims for a dominance of orbital forcing. We suggest a decoupling between (tectonic) supply-driven clastic sequences fed from basin margins and (climatic) base level-driven lacustrine sequences in active settings with medium to large sediment transfer systems.

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The age of the “Grande Coupure” mammal turnover: New constraints from the Eocene–Oligocene record of the Eastern Ebro Basin (NE Spain)

Cited by 45 publications

References 36 publications

Terrestrial cooling in Northern Europe during the Eocene–Oligocene transition

Terrestrial cooling in Northern Europe during the Eocene–Oligocene transition

Mountain uplift explains differences in Palaeogene patterns of mammalian evolution and extinction between North America and Europe

20 Myr of eccentricity paced lacustrine cycles in the Cenozoic Ebro Basin

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