The Age of Coumarins in Plant–Microbe Interactions

Stringlis, Ioannis A.; Jonge, Ronnie de; Pieterse, Corné M. J.

doi:10.1093/pcp/pcz076

Cited by 275 publications

(212 citation statements)

References 139 publications

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“…Plants can defend against multiple biotic factors by the constitutive and inducible defense mechanisms [1][2][3]. The inducible defenses encompass various strategies, such as the promoted biosynthesis of phytoalexins [28][29][30][31], the enhanced activities of enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of antimicrobial compounds [32][33][34], and the increased expression of pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins [35][36][37][38]. Phytoalexins have been identified as important antimicrobial metabolites for plant defense against pathogens and pests [28][29][30][31].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pseudomonas fluorescens MZ05 Enhances Resistance against Setosphaeria turcica by Mediating Benzoxazinoid Metabolism in the Maize Inbred Line Anke35

Zhou

Zhu

et al. 2020

Agriculture

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Beneficial rhizobacteria can inhibit foliar pathogen infection by activation of defense responses, yet it the mechanisms of rhizobacteria-induced disease resistance remain largely unknown. Here, inoculation of susceptible maize plants with Pseudomonas fluorescens MZ05 significantly reduced disease occurrence caused by the leaf pathogen Setosphaeria turcica. Gene expression profiles of MZ05-inoculated plants were investigated by RNA-sequencing analyses, showing that several differentially expressed genes were positively associated with the metabolic processes of benzoxazinoids. Accordantly, the inoculation with P. fluorescens MZ05 resulted in a significant increase in the levels of 2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one (DIMBOA) in the maize leaves. Furthermore, pre-inoculation with P. fluorescens MZ05 enhanced the transcription of two defense-related marked genes PAL and PR2a, as well as BX2 and GLU2, which are involved in DIMBOA biosynthesis, in pathogen-infected leaves. Defense responses in the inoculated plants were also greatly stronger and quicker than that in non-inoculated plants after pathogen attacks. However, virus-mediated silencing of BX2 or GLU2 remarkably attenuated the MZ05-induced effects, as evidenced by more disease occurrence and lower transcription of PAL and PR2a. Collectively, these findings indicated that the MZ05-induced increases of DIMBOA levels participated in the mediation of priming, which was the key mechanism in the rhizobacteria-induced host resistance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pseudomonas fluorescens MZ05 Enhances Resistance against Setosphaeria turcica by Mediating Benzoxazinoid Metabolism in the Maize Inbred Line Anke35

Zhou

Zhu

et al. 2020

Agriculture

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“…In soil in which abcg30 plants were grown, an increased abundance of PGPR or bacteria involved in heavy metal remediation was observed compared to wild type Col-0 plants, suggesting a role for phenolics in attracting beneficial microbes. More recent studies suggested that coumarins, which are also phenolic compounds, can shape the rhizosphere microbiome and display differential toxicity against beneficial and pathogenic microbes (Stringlis et al, 2018b;Stringlis et al, 2019a;Voges et al, 2019). Next to phenolics, more chemical players have been found to contribute in the balance between roots and the microbiome, including benzoxazinoids (Hu et al, 2018;Cotton et al, 2019), triterpenes (Huang et al, 2019), and camalexin (Koprivova et al, 2019).…”

Section: Effect Of Root Exudates On Root-associated Microbiomementioning

confidence: 99%

Modulation of the Root Microbiome by Plant Molecules: The Basis for Targeted Disease Suppression and Plant Growth Promotion

et al. 2020

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Plants host a mesmerizing diversity of microbes inside and around their roots, known as the microbiome. The microbiome is composed mostly of fungi, bacteria, oomycetes, and archaea that can be either pathogenic or beneficial for plant health and fitness. To grow healthy, plants need to surveil soil niches around the roots for the detection of pathogenic microbes, and in parallel maximize the services of beneficial microbes in nutrients uptake and growth promotion. Plants employ a palette of mechanisms to modulate their microbiome including structural modifications, the exudation of secondary metabolites and the coordinated action of different defence responses. Here, we review the current understanding on the composition and activity of the root microbiome and how different plant molecules can shape the structure of the root-associated microbial communities. Examples are given on interactions that occur in the rhizosphere between plants and soilborne fungi. We also present some well-established examples of microbiome harnessing to highlight how plants can maximize their fitness by selecting their microbiome. Understanding how plants manipulate their microbiome can aid in the design of next-generation microbial inoculants for targeted disease suppression and enhanced plant growth.

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“…Plant derived compounds which are involved in plant disease defense mechanisms are either phytoanticipins or phytoalexins. In recent decades, coumarins got the attention of plant scientists for their role as phytoanticipins or phytoalexins in the plant defense system [140]. Coumarins are a group of compounds present in wide range of plants and derived from phenylpropanoid pathway.…”

Section: Coumarinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenylpropanoid Pathway Engineering: An Emerging Approach towards Plant Defense

et al. 2020

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Pathogens hitting the plant cell wall is the first impetus that triggers the phenylpropanoid pathway for plant defense. The phenylpropanoid pathway bifurcates into the production of an enormous array of compounds based on the few intermediates of the shikimate pathway in response to cell wall breaches by pathogens. The whole metabolomic pathway is a complex network regulated by multiple gene families and it exhibits refined regulatory mechanisms at the transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and post-translational levels. The pathway genes are involved in the production of anti-microbial compounds as well as signaling molecules. The engineering in the metabolic pathway has led to a new plant defense system of which various mechanisms have been proposed including salicylic acid and antimicrobial mediated compounds. In recent years, some key players like phenylalanine ammonia lyases (PALs) from the phenylpropanoid pathway are proposed to have broad spectrum disease resistance (BSR) without yield penalties. Now we have more evidence than ever, yet little understanding about the pathway-based genes that orchestrate rapid, coordinated induction of phenylpropanoid defenses in response to microbial attack. It is not astonishing that mutants of pathway regulator genes can show conflicting results. Therefore, precise engineering of the pathway is an interesting strategy to aim at profitably tailored plants. Here, this review portrays the current progress and challenges for phenylpropanoid pathway-based resistance from the current prospective to provide a deeper understanding.

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The Age of Coumarins in Plant–Microbe Interactions

Cited by 275 publications

References 139 publications

Pseudomonas fluorescens MZ05 Enhances Resistance against Setosphaeria turcica by Mediating Benzoxazinoid Metabolism in the Maize Inbred Line Anke35

Pseudomonas fluorescens MZ05 Enhances Resistance against Setosphaeria turcica by Mediating Benzoxazinoid Metabolism in the Maize Inbred Line Anke35

Modulation of the Root Microbiome by Plant Molecules: The Basis for Targeted Disease Suppression and Plant Growth Promotion

Phenylpropanoid Pathway Engineering: An Emerging Approach towards Plant Defense

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