The afterglow and host galaxy of GRB 090205: evidence of a Ly-<i>α</i>emitter at z = 4.65

D’Avanzo, P.; Perri, M.; Fugazza, D.; Salvaterra, R.; Chincarini, G.; Margutti, R.; Wu, Xue-Feng; Thöne, C. C.; Fernández-Soto, A.; Ukwatta, T. N.; Burrows, D. N.; Gehrels, N.; Mészáros, P.; Toma, Kenji; Zhang, Bing; Covino, S.; Campana, S.; D’Elia, V.; Valle, M. Della; Piranomonte, S.

doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201014801

Cited by 19 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…However, we note that other LGRBs detected at z = 4 − 5, e.g. GRB 090205 (D'Avanzo et al 2010) and GRB 100219A (Thoene et al 2012), show metallicities Z 0.1 Z⊙, further supporting our findings. This is also in line with numerical studies of cosmic metal enrichment, that predict efficient pollution from early stellar populations Maio et al 2010Wise et al 2012), and the consequent presence of significative amounts of metals in high-z LGRB hosts (Campisi et al 2011a).…”

Section: Statistical Properties Of High-z Lgrb Host Galaxiessupporting

confidence: 90%

Simulating high-z gamma-ray burst host galaxies

Salvaterra¹,

Maio

Ciardi

et al. 2013

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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We investigate the nature of high-z host galaxies of long Gamma-Ray Bursts (LGRBs) by means of state-of-the-art numerical simulations of cosmic structure formation and evolution of galaxies. We combine results from different runs with various box sizes and resolutions. By assigning to each simulated galaxy the probability to host a LGRB, assumed to be proportional to the mass of young stars, we provide a full description of the physical properties of high-z LGRB host galaxy population. We find that LGRBs at z > 6 are hosted in galaxies with typical star formation rates SFR ≃ 0.03 − 0.3 M ⊙ yr −1 , stellar masses M ⋆ ≃ 10 6 − 10 8 M ⊙ , and metallicities Z ≃ 0.01 − 0.1 Z ⊙ . Furthermore, the ratio between their doubling time and the corresponding cosmic time seems to be universally equal to ∼ 0.1 − 0.3, independently from the redshift. The distribution of their UV luminosity places LGRB hosts in the faint-end of the galaxy luminosity function, well below the current capabilities of space-or groundbased optical facilities. This is in line with recent reports of non-detection of LGRB hosts using extremely deep HST and VLT observations. In conclusion, high-zLGRBs are found to trace the position of those faint galaxies that are thought to be the major actors in the re-ionization of the Universe.

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Section: Statistical Properties Of High-z Lgrb Host Galaxiessupporting

confidence: 90%

Simulating high-z gamma-ray burst host galaxies

Salvaterra¹,

Maio

Ciardi

et al. 2013

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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“…The longer path length directly translates into a higher dust absorption probability for Lyα photons and hence f esc might end up anywhere below unity (e.g., Atek et al 2009). Lyα emission from GRB hosts was detected in both narrowband imaging and afterglow/host spectroscopy (e.g., Fynbo et al 2003;Jakobsson et al 2005;D'Avanzo et al 2010;Milvang-Jensen et al 2012). The broad wavelength coverage of X-shooter extending down to the UV (Lyα line at z ∼ 1.64 is redshifted to 3210 Å) coupled with the tight constraints on the galaxies reddening and extreme luminosity of Hα, makes the host of GRB 080605 an ideal test case for the escape fraction in a high-redshift environment.…”

Section: The Non-detection Of Lyαmentioning

confidence: 99%

The metal-enriched host of an energeticγ-ray burst atz ≈ 1.6

Krühler¹,

Fynbo²,

Geier³

et al. 2012

A&A

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Context. The star-forming nature of long γ-ray burst (GRB) host galaxies provides invaluable constraints on the progenitors of GRBs and might open a short-cut to the characteristics of typical star-forming galaxies throughout the history of the Universe. Due to the absence of near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy, however, detailed investigations, specifically a determination of the gas-phase metallicity of gamma-ray burst hosts, was largely limited to redshifts z < 1 to date. Aims. We observed the galaxy hosting GRB 080605 at z = 1.64 using optical/NIR spectroscopy and high-resolution HST/WFC3 imaging in the rest-frame wavelength range between 1150 and 8700 Å. These data allow us to study a z > 1 GRB host in unprecedented detail and investigate the relation between GRB hosts and field galaxies. Methods. We availed of VLT/X-shooter optical/NIR spectroscopy to measure the metallicity, electron density, star-formation rate (SFR), and reddening of the host of GRB 080605. Specifically, we used different strong-line diagnostics to robustly measure the gas-phase metallicity within the interstellar medium (ISM) for the first time based on [N ii] at this redshift.Results. The host of the energetic (E γ,iso ∼ 2 × 10 53 erg) GRB 080605 at z ∼ 1.64 is a morphologically complex, vigorously starforming galaxy with an Hα-derived SFR of 31 +12 −6 M yr −1 . Its ISM is significantly enriched with metals. Specifically, [N ii]/Hα = 0.14 ± 0.02, which yields an oxygen abundance 12 + log(O/H) between 8.3 and 8.6 depending on the adopted strong-line calibrator. This corresponds to values in the range of 0.4−0.8 Z . For its measured stellar mass (M * = 8.0 +1.3 −1.6 × 10 9 M ) and SFR, this value is consistent with the fundamental metallicity relation defined by star-forming field galaxies. The absence of strong Lyα emission constrains the escape fraction of resonantly-scattered Lyα photons to f esc < ∼ 0.08. Conclusions. Our observations provide a detailed picture of the conditions in the ISM of a highly star-forming galaxy with irregular morphology at z ∼ 1.6. They include the first robust metallicity measurement based on [N ii] for a GRB host at z > 1 and directly illustrate that GRB hosts are not necessarily metal-poor, both on absolute scales as well as relative to their stellar mass and SFR. GRB hosts could thus be fair tracers of the population of ordinary star-forming galaxies at high redshift.

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“…At z > 4 the detection of host galaxies is even more difficult and is time consuming even with the currently largest telescopes. For example, the host galaxy of GRB 090205 at z GRB = 4.65 was detected in the R and I-band (m AB = 26.40, 25.22 respectively) but not in J, H and K bands with limiting magnitudes of, respectively, 24.4, 24.2, 23.9, after 1 h integration time in each band with HAWK-I on VLT [47]. The detection is even more difficult at higher redshift, as shown by the non-detection of the host of GRB 050904 at z = 6.295 in HST and Spitzer data [48].…”

Section: The High-z View; Z >mentioning

confidence: 97%

Gamma-ray bursts as probes of the distant Universe

Petitjean

Vergani

2011

Comptes Rendus. Physique

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We review recent results on the high-redshift universe and the cosmic evolution obtained using Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs) as tracers of high-redshift galaxies. Most of the results come from photometric and spectroscopic observations of GRB host galaxies once the afterglow has faded away but also from the analysis of the GRB afterglow line of sight as revealed by absorptions in their optical spectrum. RésuméComment sonder l'Univers lointainà l'aide des sursauts gamma. Nous passons en revue les résultats obtenus récemment sur les propriétés de l'universà grand décalage spectral et l'évolution cosmique, en utilisant les sursauts gamma comme des traceurs de galaxies lointaines. La plupart des résultats viennent de l'observation en imagerie et spectroscopie des galaxies hôtes des sursauts, une fois que le sursaut s'estéteint, mais aussi de l'analyse des absorptions observées dans le spectre de la rémanence. GRBs and the cosmic star formation rateAlthough convincing evidence in favour of the association of long GRBs (e.g. GRBs with a duration T 90 >2 s) with massive stars has been gathered over the recent years [3][2], the actual physical conditions (e.g. mass, metallicity, rotation, binarity) for a star to trigger a burst are not currently known (see however [8][9]). Thus, although it is expected that the rate of GRBs in the Universe and star formation rate are related, there must be so in a non-trivial way.

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The afterglow and host galaxy of GRB 090205: evidence of a Ly-αemitter at z = 4.65

Cited by 19 publications

References 41 publications

Simulating high-z gamma-ray burst host galaxies

Simulating high-z gamma-ray burst host galaxies

The metal-enriched host of an energeticγ-ray burst atz ≈ 1.6

Gamma-ray bursts as probes of the distant Universe

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