The African Sahel 25 years after the great drought: assessing progress and moving towards new agendas and approaches

Batterbury, Simon; Warren, A.

doi:10.1016/s0959-3780(00)00040-6

Cited by 139 publications

(75 citation statements)

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“…A large proportion of the land is bare and vegetation tends to grow in patches, where the most striking example is the tiger bush formation (Nicholson 1995). Livestock production is the main means for subsistence in this area (Batterbury and Warren 2001). Further south in the Sudanian zone, grassland savannas characterized by perennial grasses and woodland/agroforestry parkland landscapes dominate (Boffa 1999).…”

Section: The Sudano-sahelian Zone (Ssz) -Environmental Characteristicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Remote sensing of vegetation in the Sudano-Sahelian zone: A literature review from 1975 to 2014

Karlson

Ostwald

2016

Journal of Arid Environments

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Scarcity of in situ vegetation data inhibits research and natural resource management in the Sudano-Sahelian zone (SSZ). Satellite and aerial remote sensing (RS) constitute key technologies for improving the availability of vegetation data, and consequently the preconditions for scientific analysis and monitoring. The aim of this paper was to investigate how the hands-on application of RS for vegetation analysis has developed in the SSZ by reviewing the scientific literature published between 1975 and 2014. The paper assesses the usages and the users of RS by focusing on four aspects of the material (268 peer-reviewed articles), including publication details (time of publication, scientific discipline of journals and author nationality), geographic information (location of study areas and spatial scale of research), data usage (application of RS systems and procedures for accuracy assessments), and research topic (scientific objective of the research). Three key results were obtained: i) the application of RS to analyze vegetation in the SSZ has increased consistently since 1977 and it seems to become adopted by a growing number of scientific disciplines; ii) the contribution of African authors is low, potentially signaling a need for an increased transfer of knowledge and technology from developed countries; iii) RS has primarily been used to analyze changes in vegetation productivity and broad vegetation types, whereas its use for studying interactions between vegetation and environmental factors has been relatively low. This calls for stronger collaborative RS research that enables the mapping of additional vegetation variables of high relevance for the environmental problems facing the SSZ. Remotely sensed vegetation data are needed at spatial scales that suits the requirements of both research and natural resource management in order to further enhance the usefulness of this technology.

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Section: The Sudano-sahelian Zone (Ssz) -Environmental Characteristicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Remote sensing of vegetation in the Sudano-Sahelian zone: A literature review from 1975 to 2014

Karlson

Ostwald

2016

Journal of Arid Environments

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“…While environmental conditions are the primary determinant of clouds and convection (Bluestein, 1993;Houze, 1993), aerosol particles have also been shown to play a role. The aerosol can influence different cloud types to varying degrees and via different mechanisms, including cloud brightening, persistence of clouds, changes in cloud dynamics, and precipitation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerosol effects on the cloud-field properties of tropical convective clouds

Lee

Feingold

2013

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. Aerosol effects on condensed water and precipitation in a tropical cloud system driven by deep convective clouds are investigated for two-dimensional simulations of 2-day duration. Although an assumed 10-fold increase in aerosol concentration results in a similar temporal evolution of mean precipitation and a small (9%) difference in cumulative precipitation between the high- and low-aerosol cases, the characteristics of the convection are much more sensitive to aerosol. The convective mass flux, and temporal evolution and frequency distribution of the condensed water path WP (sum of liquid- and ice-water paths) differ significantly between unperturbed and aerosol-perturbed simulations. There are concomitant differences in the relative importance of individual microphysical processes and the frequency distribution of the precipitation rate (P). With increasing aerosol (i) the convective mass flux increases, leading to increases in condensation, cloud liquid, and accretion of cloud liquid by precipitation; (ii) autoconversion of cloud water to rain water decreases; (iii) the WP spatial distribution becomes more homogeneous; and (iv) there is an increase in the frequencies of high and low WP and P, and a decrease in these frequencies at the mid-range of WP and P. Thus, while aerosol perturbations have a small influence on total precipitation amount, for the case considered, they do have substantial influence on the spatiotemporal distribution of convection and precipitation.

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“…Furthermore, despite research over the past decade, e.g., the Sustainable Fisheries Livelihoods Programme in West Africa (FAO IDAF; e.g., Fabio et al 2003), much research remains to understand their livelihoods and food security strategies as professional groups, households, and individuals. In addition, development research in Africa has a tragic history of narrowly focusing on technical methods whose use terminates with the end of each project and never become integrated into the policy and practice of society (Raynaut 1997;Batterbury and Warren 2001). Even if the capacity to monitor fisheries does become established, the Fig.…”

Section: Addressing Those Challenges Through the Susfish Projectmentioning

confidence: 99%

Riverine Ecosystem Management

Schmutz¹,

Sendzimir²

2018

121

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Open Access This book is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author (s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this book are included in the book's Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the book's Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Printed on acid-free paperThis Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer International Publishing AG part of Springer Nature. The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland Challenges in Riverine Ecosystem Management Jan Sendzimir and Stefan SchmutzThis book is dedicated to those interested in the natural and social sciences and elements of governance that will support the sustainable management of rivers and aquatic ecosystems. Since elements of nature and society interact to determine the integrity and trajectory of these systems, they are referred to hereafter as socialecological systems (SESs). This introduction opens the door to these topics in four steps. It begins by explaining why a book dedicated to river management and science is needed at this point. In the second part, it outlines the history of some of the major developments that challenge the integrity of SESs worldwide. In the third part, it describes several of the principal tools used to study as well as manage SES. Tools to measure the degree of degradation of an SES include indicators of biological integrity, ecosystem health, and resilience. Tools to assess and manage the trajectory of an SES include the DPSIR and adaptive management. The introduction closes by outlining the structure of the book through the progression of its chapters. Justification of BookRivers are among the most threatened ecosystems of the world. For more than a centur...

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The African Sahel 25 years after the great drought: assessing progress and moving towards new agendas and approaches

Cited by 139 publications

References 10 publications

Remote sensing of vegetation in the Sudano-Sahelian zone: A literature review from 1975 to 2014

Remote sensing of vegetation in the Sudano-Sahelian zone: A literature review from 1975 to 2014

Aerosol effects on the cloud-field properties of tropical convective clouds

Riverine Ecosystem Management

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