The Affinity of Human Fetal Osteoblast to Laser-Modified Titanium Implant Fixtures

Abstract

Introduction: Implant surface modification methods have recently involved laser treatment to achieve the desired implant surface characteristics. Meanwhile, surface modification could potentially introduce foreign elements to the implant surface during the manufacturing process. Objectives: The study aimed to investigate the surface chemistry and topography of commercially available laser-modified titanium implants, together with evaluating the cell morphology and cell adhesion of human fetal osteoblast (hFOB) seeded onto the same implants. Method: Six (6) samples of commercially available laser-modified titanium implants were investigated. These implants were manufactured by two different companies. Three (3) implants were made from commercially pure grade 4 Titanium (Brand X); and three were made from grade 5 Ti6Al4V (Brand Y). The surface topography of these implants was analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and the surface chemistry was evaluated with electron dispersive x-ray spectroscopy(EDS). Human fetal osteoblasts were seeded onto the implant fixtures to investigate the biocompatibility and adhesion. Results & Discussion: Brand X displayed dark areas under SEM while it was rarely found on brand Y. These dark areas were consistent with their organic matter. The hFOB cell experiments revealed cell adhesion with filopodia on Brand X samples which is consistent with cell maturation. The cells on Brand Y were morphologically round and lacked projections, one sample was devoid of any noticeable cells under SEM. Cell adhesion was observed early at 48 hrs in laser-irradiated titanium fixtures from both the brands. Conclusion: The presence of organic impurities in Brand X should not be overlooked because disruption of the osseointegration process may occur due to the rejection of the biomaterial in an in-vivo model. Nevertheless, there was insufficient evidence to link implant failure directly with carbon contaminated implant surfaces. Further studies to determine the toxicity of Vanadium from Ti6Al4V in an in-vivo environment should indicate the reason for different cell maturation.

3D-Printable PLA/Mg Composite Filaments for Potential Bone Tissue Engineering Applications

“…[1,2]. Due to their great mechanical strength, biocompatibility, and beneficial corrosion resistance features, metals and metallic alloys, such as titanium, stainless steel, and Co-Cr alloys, make up the most commercially available implants [3][4][5][6]. The use of 3D-printing technology has revolutionized bone tissue engineering, providing a precise and customizable method for producing complex three-dimensional structures that mimic the natural architecture of bone [7].…”

Physicochemical and osteogenic properties of chairside processed tooth derived bone substitute and bone graft materials

“…A primary cell line like Human Fetal Osteoblast (hFOB 1.19) was reported to have minimal chromosome abnormalities alongside matrix producing properties similar to differentiated osteoblasts. These properties make hFOB the ideal model for osteoinduction, osteoconduction, and osseointegration [48][49][50] .…”

Effect of Mg incorporation on the properties of PCL/Mg composites for potential tissue engineering applications

“…2016; Razavi and Huang, 2019). Currently, metals and metallic alloys, including titanium, stainless steel, and Cobalt-Chromium alloys, make up the majority of commercially available implants (Muley et al, 2016;Singh et al, 2018;Xiang et al, 2019;Khoo et al, 2020). The ability to fabricate complex structures with tailored properties is a central challenge in tissue engineering, and additive manufacturing techniques have revolutionized the way researchers approach this challenge (Tran et al, 2022).…”