The aetiology of eating disorders: A hypothesis of the interplay between social, cultural and biological factors

Raphael, Frances; Lacey, J H

doi:10.1002/erv.2400020306

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Moreover, approximately 10% of individuals who present with anorexia and bulimia nervosa and 25% of those who present with a binge eating disorder are men (American Psychiatric Association, 1994;Fairburn & Beglin, 1990). These research findings, combined with recent evidence that the incidence of eating disorders in men is increasing (Dolan & Gitzinger, 1995;Raphael & Lacey, 1994), illustrate the importance of studying the eating behaviors of men.…”

mentioning

confidence: 71%

A preliminary investigation of the eating disorder continuum with men.

Tylka¹,

Subich²

2002

Journal of Counseling Psychology

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Men largely are neglected in research on eating disturbances, including research on the eating disorder continuum. This research explored whether the eating disorder continuum provides an accurate representation for men of characteristics related to disturbed eating in women. Results for a sample of 166 men were mixed, offering limited support for both the continuity and discontinuity perspectives. Scores on poor interoceptive awareness and on perceptions of long-term effectiveness, short-term safety, and long-term safety of maladaptive weight control techniques varied with respect to men's rank along the eating disorder continuum. The eating disorder group appeared to be qualitatively different, however, from other groups on self-reported ineffectiveness. Scores on other variables did not vary with respect to men's rank along the eating disorder continuum. Despite research showing that a rather significant percentage of men display behaviors related to eating disturbances such as dieting (

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confidence: 71%

A preliminary investigation of the eating disorder continuum with men.

Tylka¹,

Subich²

2002

Journal of Counseling Psychology

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“…lenguaje, medios de comunicación), actitudes y procesos cognitivos 36,39 . Desde la perspectiva evolucionista darwiniana, las mujeres que llegan a padecer un síndrome anoréctico 40 , con todas las características fi siológicas, emocionales y conductuales propias de la inanición, son aquellas cuya plasticidad fenotípica genética moviliza mecanismos evolucionarios adaptativos a la escasez alimentaria (ej.…”

Section: Rev Med Chile 2012; 140: 517-523unclassified

Perspectiva evolucionista de los trastornos de la conducta alimentaria

A¹

2012

Rev. méd. Chile

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Evolutionary theory has contributed with physiological, psychological and behavioral explanations to the comprehension and treatment of eating disorders (ED). The aim of this review is to analyze the relationship between ED and the attachment theory and natural selection based hypotheses (famine fl ight, reproductive suppression and intrasexual competition. Entre las diversas aproximaciones que han contribuido a la comprensión de estas patologías, la teoría evolucionista aporta una síntesis de explicaciones fi siológicas, psicológicas y conductuales que han permitido enriquecer su abordaje fenomenológico-clínico y terapéutico 2 , distinguiendo entre la causalidad próxima -suma de todos los procesos biológicos (bioquímicos, fi siológicos, etc.) y psicológicos que directamente producen el fenómeno-; y remota -el alcance de la participación de un rasgo o sistema de la aptitud reproductiva de un organismo en su medio ambiente natural (ancestral) 3 . El objetivo de este trabajo es describir los postulados evolucionaríos que se han aplicado a los TCA, desde la precursora teoría del apego planteada por Bowlby, reforzada por las experiencias de Harlow y Sptiz, hasta las clásicas hipótesis darwinianas basadas en el fenómeno de la selección natural: de la huída de la hambruna, relacionada principalmente con aspectos fi siopatológicos; de la supresión reproductiva referida a la dinámica familiar y de la competencia intrasexual concerniente a la perspectiva psicosocial de estas patologías. Con esta fi nalidad, se efectuó una búsqueda de evidencia sobre el tema en publicaciones, tanto en idioma inglés como español, de artículos originales, de revisión y de presentación de casuística, entre 1859 y 2010, en textos especializados y en las bases de datos Medline/PubMed, utilizando palabras claves como eating disorders, anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, evolutionary, darwinian, attachment.

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“…There has been a steady increase in the incidence of eating disorders among adolescent boys and girls over the last 30 years (Raphael & Lacey, 1994). This coincides with a decrease in the weight of the ideal female body presented in the media (Spitzer, Henderson, & Zivian, 1999) and increased emphasis on male appearance (Mishkind, Rodin, Silberstein, & Striegel‐Moore, 1986; Pope, Olivardi, Gurber, & Borowiecki, 1999).…”

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confidence: 99%