The aerobic scope of an antarctic fish, Pagothenia borchgrevinki and its significance for metabolic cold adaptation

Forster, Malcolm E.; Franklin, Craig E.; Taylor, H. H.; Davison, William

doi:10.1007/bf00297069

Cited by 68 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…This finding is similar to that found for other Antarctic bivalves (Davenport 1988;Pörtner et al 1999b), gastropods, and brachiopods (Peck 1989). It does, however, run contrary to the expectations concomitant with enhanced numbers of mitochondria, and the observations of high-temperature sensitivity in a few species (e.g., Forster et al 1991). This is because mitochondrial proton leakage in L. elliptica has a high-temperature sensitivity (Pörtner et al 1999a), and the limited data available suggest that high-temperature sensitivity of proton leakage may be characteristic of polar ectotherms ).…”

Section: Elevated Temperature and Metabolismsupporting

confidence: 80%

Metabolic Demand, Oxygen Supply, and Critical Temperatures in the Antarctic BivalveLaternula elliptica

Peck

Pörtner²,

Hardewig³

2002

Physiological and Biochemical Zoology

148

116

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Oxygen consumption ( ), heartbeat rate and form, and cirMo 2 culating hemolymph oxygen content were measured in relation to temperature in the large Antarctic infaunal bivalve Laternula elliptica. After elevations in temperature from 0Њ to 3Њ, 6Њ, and then 9ЊC, and heartbeat rate rose to new levels, whereaṡ Mo 2 maximum circulating hemolymph oxygen content fell. At 0ЊC, was 19.6 mmol O 2 h Ϫ1 for a standard animal of 2-g tissuė Mo 2 ash-free dry mass, which equates to a 8.95-g tissue dry-mass or 58.4-g tissue wet-mass animal. Elevation of metabolism following temperature change had acute Q 10 values between 4.1 and 5, whereas acclimated figures declined from 3.4 (between 0Њ and 3ЊC) to 2.2 (3Њ-6ЊC) and 1.9 (6Њ-9ЊC). Heartbeat rate showed no acclimation following temperature elevations, with Q 10 values of 3.9, 3.2, and 4.3, respectively. Circulating hemolymph oxygen content declined from 0Њ to 3Њ and 6ЊC but stayed at a constant Po 2 (73-78 mmHg) and constant proportion (∼50%) of the oxygen content of the ambient water. At 9ЊC, and heartbeat rate both peaked at values 3.3 times thosė Mo 2 measured at 0ЊC, which may indicate aerobic scope in this species. After these peaks, both measures declined rapidly over the ensuing 5 d to the lowest measured in the study, and the bivalves began to die. Hemolymph oxygen content fell dramatically at 9ЊC to values between 2% and 12% of ambient water O 2 content and had a maximum Po 2 of around 20 mmHg. These data indicate an experimental upper lethal temperature of 9ЊC and a critical temperature, where a long-term switch to

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Section: Elevated Temperature and Metabolismsupporting

confidence: 80%

Metabolic Demand, Oxygen Supply, and Critical Temperatures in the Antarctic BivalveLaternula elliptica

Peck

Pörtner²,

Hardewig³

2002

Physiological and Biochemical Zoology

148

116

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“…Consequently, comparatively less energy could be channelled into growth and reproduction (for a detailed discussion see Clarke 1983Clarke , 1991Po¨rtner 2002a). Some studies have found evidence for metabolic cold adaptation in Antarctic fish (Wohlschlag 1964;Forster et al 1987;Hardewig et al 1998). Other studies in fish (Clarke and Johnston 1999) and invertebrates (Ivleva 1980;Luxmoore 1984;Peck and Conway 2000), however, could not confirm these findings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 45%

Saving by freezing? Metabolic rates of Adamussium colbecki in a latitudinal context

Heilmayer

Brey

2003

Marine Biology

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Standard metabolic rates of the endemic Antarctic scallop, Adamussium colbecki (Smith, 1902), were measured in austral summer and under simulated winter conditions. Average mass-specific metabolic rates were significantly different between ''summer'' (151.17± 45.06 ll O 2 g)1 h )1 ) and ''winter'' (106.52± 39.65 ll O 2 g)1 h )1 ) animals. The overall metabolic rates of A. colbecki are comparable to those of other Antarctic bivalve species, but well below those of temperate scallop species. Data for 24 scallop populations (13 species) from different latitudes give no evidence for elevated metabolic rates in A. colbecki as suggested by the concept of ''metabolic cold adaptation''. A world-wide comparison of metabolic rate and overall growth performance of scallops indicates that in the Antarctic scallop the energetic advantage of low basal metabolism does not counterbalance the disadvantage of the prolonged seasonal period of food shortage.

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“…We followed Forster et al (1987) for allometric parameters in Eq. (4), which are derived for the cryopelagic Pagothenia borchgrevinki (Boulenger, 1902).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

State-dependent energy allocation in the pelagic Antarctic silverfish Pleuragramma antarcticum: trade-off between winter reserves and buoyancy

Putte¹,

Hecq²,

Volckaert³

2006

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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INTRODUCTIONMany common life history traits run through the biology of pelagic teleost fishes, suggesting convergent adaptation to pronounced and predictable selection pressures (Helfman et al. 1997). Pelagic species often possess hydrodynamically streamlined, compressed bodies with a silvery colour and forked tails. They exhibit several physiological adaptations enabling them to swim continuously, mostly in schools. Pelagic fish feed on plankton and are rich in lipids. Reproductive traits include high fecundity and broadcast gametes. These adaptations facilitate life in an environment that offers relatively little physical structure and, particularly in temperate and high latitude ecosystems, periodic food availability due to seasonal changes in solar irradiation. In the seas and ocean surrounding the Antarctic continent, the pelagic realm is without doubt the most productive region; this is due to upwelling of nutrient rich cold ABSTRACT: Icefishes of the perciform suborder Notothenioidei dominate the Antarctic ichthyofauna. These species originated from a benthic ancestor and do not possess a swimbladder. However, some notothenioids have achieved neutral buoyancy through skeletal reductions as well as storage of lipids to reduce body mass relative to seawater. These adaptations enable them to exploit the highly productive pelagic realm. Mobilizing these lipid reserves in periods of critically low food intake may lead to buoyancy problems. Accumulating and conserving these reserves may slow down the development of somatic and reproductive tissues and hence future reproductive output. We constructed a dynamic state variable model to investigate how ingested energy is partitioned over 3 state variables: lipid reserves, structural protein body mass and egg development. Two forms of the model differed in that lipid reserves were either included in or excluded from the total metabolic energy budget of an individual. The model was parameterised for the Antarctic silverfish Pleuragramma antarcticum, a key species in the pelagic food web of the high Antarctic zone of the Southern Ocean. In Pleuragramma, lipids are stored in unique extracellular lipid sacs, which are thought to serve as buoyancy aids and energy reserves. The model predicts optimal habitat selection and an optimal energy allocation strategy by maximizing future reproductive output. The environment is simulated using vertical gradients in water temperature, optical properties, food availability and predation risk. The form of the model that considers lipids as metabolically inactive reserves best replicates field measurements of fat content and yields high values for fitness in Pleuragramma. Uncoupling fat reserves from metabolism, through the development of extracellular lipid sacs, probably represents a key adaptation in the evolution towards a pelagic lifestyle in a fish species with a low scope for activity. MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES

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The aerobic scope of an antarctic fish, Pagothenia borchgrevinki and its significance for metabolic cold adaptation

Cited by 68 publications

References 19 publications

Metabolic Demand, Oxygen Supply, and Critical Temperatures in the Antarctic BivalveLaternula elliptica

Metabolic Demand, Oxygen Supply, and Critical Temperatures in the Antarctic BivalveLaternula elliptica

Saving by freezing? Metabolic rates of Adamussium colbecki in a latitudinal context

State-dependent energy allocation in the pelagic Antarctic silverfish Pleuragramma antarcticum: trade-off between winter reserves and buoyancy

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