The Advanced Trauma Life Support course: a history of its development and review of related literature

Carmont, Michael R.

doi:10.1136/pgmj.2004.021543

Cited by 106 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…It is accepted as a standard protocol for the initial care of trauma patients in many trauma centers worldwide [11,12] . ATLS is a very demanding two/three full days course that uses different adult learning approaches [13] including interactive didactic teaching, simulated clinical cases (Figures 2 and 3), practical skill stations (Figure 4), and group discussions [14] . Following ATLS training, non-surgical physicians should be able to successfully manage severe trauma patients [15] .…”

Section: Atls Coursementioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced trauma life support training: How useful it is?

Abu‐Zidan

2016

WJCCM

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Section: Atls Coursementioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced trauma life support training: How useful it is?

Abu‐Zidan

2016

WJCCM

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“…Resuscitation should be guided by local and Advanced Trauma Life Support ® protocols, 21 and if investigations unveil proven pancreatic and associated organ injury, exploratory laparotomy is required. 22 Following haemorrhage control and prevention of further contamination, a thorough and systematic examination of the pancreas is essential.…”

Section: Grading Pancreatic Injurymentioning

confidence: 99%

Pancreatic trauma

Lahiri

Bhattacharya

2013

annals

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INTRODUCTION Pancreatic trauma occurs in approximately 4% of all patients sustaining abdominal injuries. The pancreas has an intimate relationship with the major upper abdominal vessels, and there is significant morbidity and mortality associated with severe pancreatic injury. Immediate resuscitation and investigations are essential to delineate the nature of the injury, and to plan further management. If main pancreatic duct injuries are identified, specialised input from a tertiary hepatopancreaticobiliary (HPB) team is advised. METHODS A comprehensive online literature search was performed using PubMed. Relevant articles from international journals were selected. The search terms used were: 'pancreatic trauma', 'pancreatic duct injury', 'radiology AND pancreas injury', 'diagnosis of pancreatic trauma', and 'management AND surgery'. Articles that were not published in English were excluded. All articles used were selected on relevance to this review and read by both authors. RESULTS Pancreatic trauma is rare and associated with injury to other upper abdominal viscera. Patients present with nonspecific abdominal findings and serum amylase is of little use in diagnosis. Computed tomography is effective in diagnosing pancreatic injury but not duct disruption, which is most easily seen on endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreaticography or operative pancreatography. If pancreatic injury is suspected, inspection of the entire pancreas and duodenum is required to ensure full evaluation at laparotomy. The operative management of pancreatic injury depends on the grade of injury found at laparotomy. The most important prognostic factor is main duct disruption and, if found, reconstructive options should be determined by an experienced HPB surgeon. CONCLUSIONS The diagnosis of pancreatic trauma requires a high index of suspicion and detailed imaging studies. Grading pancreatic injury is important to guide operative management. The most important prognostic factor is pancreatic duct disruption and in these cases, experienced HPB surgeons should be involved. Complications following pancreatic trauma are common and the majority can be managed without further surgery.

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“…Loosely modeled after proven successful methods of Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS), TC3 also employs didactic lectures, case-based scenarios, small groups, in addition to skills stations that encourage the cognitive process and performance of psychomotor skills [7]. These innovative aspects of learning trauma care are far more effective than the traditional methods such as a series of didactic lectures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%