“…This y ash, produced by a biomass-based thermal power plant, was considered as a potential catalyst for biodiesel production. Zeolite-based adsorbents impregnated with REE (Ce, La or Pr) were analysed with an XRF spectrometer by Jung et al, 244 and were further evaluated for their adsorption properties towards organic sulfur compounds in LPG. The feasibility of using urban river sediments as a primary raw material to produce high-insulation brick was proven by Xu et al, 245 who employed the XRF technique in combination with XRD and TG-DSC analyses to determine the chemical, mineralogical and thermal characteristics of the material.…”
Section: Industrial Materials and Consequences Of Industrial Activitymentioning
This review covers developments in and applications of XRF techniques such as EDXRF, WDXRF, TXRF, XRF microscopy using technologies such as synchrotron sources, X-ray optics, X-ray tubes and detectors in laboratory, mobile and hand-held systems.
“…This y ash, produced by a biomass-based thermal power plant, was considered as a potential catalyst for biodiesel production. Zeolite-based adsorbents impregnated with REE (Ce, La or Pr) were analysed with an XRF spectrometer by Jung et al, 244 and were further evaluated for their adsorption properties towards organic sulfur compounds in LPG. The feasibility of using urban river sediments as a primary raw material to produce high-insulation brick was proven by Xu et al, 245 who employed the XRF technique in combination with XRD and TG-DSC analyses to determine the chemical, mineralogical and thermal characteristics of the material.…”
Section: Industrial Materials and Consequences Of Industrial Activitymentioning
This review covers developments in and applications of XRF techniques such as EDXRF, WDXRF, TXRF, XRF microscopy using technologies such as synchrotron sources, X-ray optics, X-ray tubes and detectors in laboratory, mobile and hand-held systems.
“…Removal of methyl mercaptan from gas stream has been investigated by adsorption (Ryzhikov et al, 2011;Cammarano et al, 2014;Jung et al, 2014), photocatalytic oxidation (Cai et al, 2012;Li et al, 2006;Liu et al, 2008), catalytic incineration (Chu et al, 2001), decomposition (CH 3 SH / Hydrocarbons þ H 2 S) (Huguet et al, 2013), biological degradation (Liu et al, 2010;van den Bosch et al, 2009a,b;van Leerdam et al, 2011), and catalytic oxidation (Conti-Ramsden et al, 2013). However, there are a variety of advantages and disadvantages of these techniques, and they showed different degrees of cost effectiveness.…”
“…The ecat matrix is composed of a clay suspension, containing mainly kaolin, alumina, silica oxides, faujasite (Y zeolite) and different rare earth cations [4]. It is common to insert rare earth cations into ecat matrix to improve the acidity, cracking activity and thermal stability of the catalysts [5,6].…”
The purpose of this paper is to present the third stage of regeneration for ecat: a deactivated or equilibrium catalysts which are waste from fluidized catalytic cracking (FCC) units. This stage is going to compose a complete circular economy (CE) model and increases the life cycle catalyst. The third stage of regeneration, after the adsorption process for sulfur and nitrogen compounds from real diesel, was assessment using as solvents: acetone (propanone), ethanol, benzene and toluene. For sulphur and nitrogen compounds, ethanol achieved the best performance. The variations of physical and chemical properties of regenerated ecat's in the cycles of adsorption and desorption were evaluated using x-ray diffraction, x-ray fluorescence, nitrogen adsorption-desorption, thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis, scanning electron microscopy and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. The recovery rate over four cycles is superior for sulfur compounds. After all cycles, ecat-R-SA exhibited 5.09% reduction in the recovery for sulphur and 24.58% reduction in the recovery for nitrogen. The nitrogen adsorption-desorption analysis suggests the adsorption of compounds by ecat-R may be more correlated with the adsorption sites than with specific area. Overall, the results of this work are promising and allows ecat to integrate a complete CE model.
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