The adsorption of human salivary proteins and porcine submaxillary mucin by hydroxyapatite

A method was presented to fabricate epoxy resin crowns to be worn by human subjects requiring full crown restorations. These crowns were utilized in six young adults to study the internal structure of plaque after plaque formation periods of 1 and 3 days, 1 and 3 weeks and 2 months. This study confirmed previous findings that early plaque contains primarily coccal forms, with a shift to predominantly filamentous forms by 3 weeks. Early plaque growth seems to occur by the formation of columnar microcolonies which coalesce and grow by cell division within the colony in a direction perpendicular to the crown surface. Filamentous microorganisms appear in large numbers by 1 week. They appear to colonize the surface of the predominantly coccal plaque, eventually growing into it and replacing the coccal forms. The subgingival, mature plaque contains many motile forms including bacteria with unusual cell wall ultrastructures. Certain bacteria combine into distinctive bacterial aggregations resembling "corn cobs" and "test tube brushes," the latter occurring exclusively in subgingival plaque. Spirochetes appear to grow preferentially on the external surface of subgingival plaque in close contact to the gingival tissue of the deepened sulcus. Their high concentration in the external layer of subgingival plaque suggests that because of their strategic location they may play an important role in the etiology of periodontal disease. Studies of well preserved plaque, possibly combined with the use of serological markers, can serve a useful role in identifying certain microorganisms in dental plaque. Because of their numbers and/or location in relation to periodontal tissues, some of these bacteria may warrant further studies as potential etiologic agents of certain forms of periodontal disease.

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“…Others still exhibited well defined columnar arrangments of bacteria within plaque (Figs. [16][17][18].…”

Section: One Weekmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Dental Plaque on Epoxy Resin Crowns in Man: A Light and Electron Microscopic Study

Listgarten¹,

Mayo²,

Tremblay³

1975

Journal of Periodontology

185

139

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“…This problem has been investigated by a number of workers (Leach et al, 1967;Armstrong, 1968Armstrong, , 1970Pruitt et al, 1969;Mayhall, 1970;Meckel, 1974). It is proposed that pellicle formation is a result of the selective adsorption of salivary proteins rich in acidic amino acids (McGaughey and Stowell, 1967;Hay, 1967Hay, , 1969Rllla et al, 1969). However, detailed mechanisms of pellicle formation still remain to be elucidated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopic Studies of the Adsorption of Salivary Constituents on Enamel

1987

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Time-dependent change of adsorption of salivary components on the outermost surface layer of enamel was studied by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Adsorption of proteinaceous components, as monitored in terms of the relative mass of nitrogen, was detected within 30 min, increased with time, and reached a plateau at 90 min. Thus, the ratio of nitrogen to calcium in the two-hour sample increased to about 240 times that in the control sample. The ratio of carbon to nitrogen on the surface decreased to about one-half of that in the control sample. The data established the time required for equilibrium between the proteinaceous component in saliva and the amount of material adsorbed onto the tooth surface.

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“…Salivary protein cannot be completely desorbed from hydroxyapatite with high-concentration phosphate buffers [6] or at high pH [7]. Under these conditions one would expect complete ion exchange and, if a salt linkage operated exclusively, complete protein displacement.…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

Ion displacement following the adsorption of anionic macromolecules on hydroxyapatite

Pearce

1981

Calcif Tissue Int

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Certain small anionic molecules displace phosphate ions from the hydroxyapatite crystal hydration layer on adsorption. This follows the interaction of negatively charged groups with calcium ions in the crystal surface. The present study examines ion-exchange processes occurring during the adsorption of anionic macromolecules and attempts to determine the role of coulombic forces in the process. Various natural and synthetic polyanionic substances were added to a buffered hydroxyapatite slurry and adsorption measured by solution depletion. Calcium and phosphate ion displacement or uptake by apatite was determined after accounting for polymer-bound ions. Carboxymethylcellulose and a polyacrylamide sample in which 54% of amide groups had been hydrolyzed to carboxyl were adsorbed in the lowest amounts, but both caused consistent rises in the bulk solution phosphate level. Crude bovine submaxillary mucin and a polyacrylamide sample in which 28% of amide groups had been hydrolyzed were adsorbed in greater amounts but caused little or no phosphate displacement. In no case was there a stoichiometric relation between carboxyl adsorbed and phosphate displaced. The polyacrylamide samples also displaced Ca ions into the bulk solution, whereas the other macromolecules caused a decrease in solution Ca concentration. These results provide some evidence for the operation of an ion-exchange mechanism in the adsorption of polyanions on hydroxyapatite but do not exclude the involvement of other mechanisms, especially in the case of salivary mucin.

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The adsorption of human salivary proteins and porcine submaxillary mucin by hydroxyapatite

Cited by 41 publications

References 16 publications

Development of Dental Plaque on Epoxy Resin Crowns in Man: A Light and Electron Microscopic Study

Development of Dental Plaque on Epoxy Resin Crowns in Man: A Light and Electron Microscopic Study

X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopic Studies of the Adsorption of Salivary Constituents on Enamel

Ion displacement following the adsorption of anionic macromolecules on hydroxyapatite

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