A vermiculite from Beni-Uxera, North Africa, was refluxed with I{C1 solutions of various concentrations to determine the effect of such a treatment on its surface area. The treated vermiculite was analyzed for " free " SiO~ ~nd by x-ray diffraction, and the refluxing solutions were analyzed for the cations removed from the vermic~ite. Surface areas were determined by means of ~dsorption isotherms of n-butane at 0~ The sm'face area of the acid-treated vermiculite increases with increase in concentration of the acid. Heating of the acid-treated samples or the natural samples decreases the surface area. The increase in surface area by acid treatment is due to destruction of the vermiculite and its conversion to a "free " foIT~ of SiO 2 which possesses a large surface area. x-Ray analysis indicated that ~,his " i~ee " SlOe was not present in the interlayer positions of the crysta ! lattice of vermiculite.