The Adolescent–Parent Career Congruence Scale

Abstract

Although there is a growing interest in the discrepancy between parents and their adolescent children in relation to career expectations, there is no existing, psychometrically sound scale that directly measures adolescent–parent career congruence or incongruence. This study reports the development and initial validation of the Adolescent–Parent Career Congruence Scale. Phase 1 utilized a review of literature, focus groups, and expert feedback to formulate 20 items. In Phase 2, with a sample of 550 students, item and exploratory factor analyses were employed to reduce the number of items to 12, which represented two reliable subscales. In Phase 3, with a second sample of 512 students, confirmatory factor analyses were conducted to test the initial structure. In Phase 4, the construct validity was examined by correlating the total and subscale scores with measures of parental support, living-up-to parental expectations, and life satisfaction. The implications for use in research and practice are discussed.

Career‐Related Parental Processes and Career Adaptability and Ambivalence Among Chinese Adolescents: A Person‐Centered Approach

“…As children develop more sophisticated cognitive abilities during adolescence, they actively cultivate their own views of self and future career plans based on information from various sources, including but not limited to their parents, rather than simply accept important others’ expectations (Nurmi, ). As a result, the (in)congruence between parents’ and adolescents’ expectations toward career may hold critical implications for adolescents’ career development (Sawitri, Creed, & Zimmer‐Gembeck, ; Wang & Benner, ). Findings of several studies by Sawitri and colleagues in samples of Indonesia adolescents indicated that adolescent–parent congruence was positively related to adolescents’ various career developmental outcomes, including career decision‐making efficacy, career aspirations, and career exploration (e.g., Sawitri & Creed, ; Sawitri et al., , Sawitri et al., ).…”

“…To our knowledge, studies in this field have predominantly used variable‐centered approaches in analyses and examined the unique associations between different parental processes and child career developmental outcomes at the average level (i.e., examining the associations among variables at the entire sample level rather than further classify the entire sample into subgroups ) (e.g., Kanten et al., ; Leung et al., ; Li & Kerpelman, ; Meece et al., ; Sawitri et al., ; Sawitri et al., ; Sawitri et al., ). Although a number of important findings have been obtained from prior research, some questions cannot be addressed by utilizing variable‐centered approaches.…”

Construção e análise das propriedades psicométricas da escala de envolvimento parental na decisão vocacional (EEPDV)

“…Portanto, avaliar a relação entre o apoio oferecido pelos pais no processo de desenvolvimento vocacional e a influência deste na carreira dos filhos é importante para uma melhor compreensão do desenvolvimento de carreira em adolescentes e jovens. Diversas pesquisas têm abordado diferentes variáveis relacionadas à possível influência parental nas escolhas e desenvolvimento de carreira, tais como as expectativas dos pais em relação à carreira dos filhos (Wang & Heppner, 2002), a presença de apoio percebido (Ali & Saunders, 2006;Dietrich & Kracke, 2009;Keller & Whiston, 2008;Turner, Alliman-Brissett, Lapan, Udipi, & Ergun, 2003) e a congruência parental, definida como a compatibilidade de valores, aspirações e objetivos entre pais e filhos (Sawitri, Creed, & Zimmer-Gembeck, 2012). Estudos também evidenciam que o apoio e o envolvimento materno e paterno contribuem de forma distinta na carreira dos filhos.…”

Diversity in Unity: Perspectives from Psychology and Behavioral Sciences

“…In the transition to college, individuals need someone who can give support and advice as well as be a source of reliable information. According to Sawitri et al (2012), people who have grown up in a collectivist culture have a tendency to act as a collectivist culture implies. For example, in the process of selecting a career, a person tends to make career decisions in order to follow their parents (Leong et al, 2001, in Sawitri et al, 2012.…”

“…According to Sawitri et al (2012), people who have grown up in a collectivist culture have a tendency to act as a collectivist culture implies. For example, in the process of selecting a career, a person tends to make career decisions in order to follow their parents (Leong et al, 2001, in Sawitri et al, 2012. The role of parents is very important to fulfil the needs of intimacy and warmth, to build confidence leading to a feeling of safety, and to independently make decisions and take action (Gunarsa, 2001).…”