The adjuvant effect of low frequency ultrasound when applied with an inactivated Aeromonas salmonicida vaccine to rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Labarca, Cristóbal Cobo; Makhutu, Mary; Lumsdon, Alexander E.; Thompson, Kim D.; Jung, Rainer; Kloas, Werner; Knopf, Klaus

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.01.027

Cited by 26 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Recently, low-frequency ultrasound was found to be efficacious as an adjuvant and to facilitate the uptake of A. salmonicida antigens by immersion vaccination (Cobo et al 2014, Cobo Labarca et al 2015. While the protection levels conferred by this method still remain to be demonstrated, it constitutes a prom-ising new approach for the management of this disease.…”

Section: Control and Prevention Vaccinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aeromonas salmonicida: updates on an old acquaintance

Menanteau–Ledouble¹,

Kumar²,

Saleh³

et al. 2016

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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Aeromonas salmonicida is the oldest known infectious agent to be linked to fish disease and constitutes a major bacterial pathogen of fish, in particular of salmonids. This bacterium can be found almost worldwide in both marine and freshwater environments and has been divided into several sub-species. In this review, we present the most recent developments concerning our understanding of this pathogen, including how the characterization of new isolates from non-salmonid hosts suggests a more nuanced picture of the importance of the so-called 'atypical isolates'. We also describe the clinical presentation regarding the infection across several fish species and discuss what is known about the virulence of A. salmonicida and, in particular, the role that the type 3 secretion system might play in suppressing the immune response of its hosts. Finally, isolates have displayed varied levels of antibiotic resistance. Hence, we review a number of solutions that have been developed both to prevent outbreaks and to treat them once they occur, including the application of pre-and probiotic supplements.

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Section: Control and Prevention Vaccinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aeromonas salmonicida: updates on an old acquaintance

Menanteau–Ledouble¹,

Kumar²,

Saleh³

et al. 2016

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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“…Many variables for vaccine efficacy are present and should be considered when conducting immersion vaccination trials [2]. These include vaccine (antigen) dose, duration of immersion, particulate/soluble antigen uptake during immersion immunization of fish [3], adjuvant performance [4][5][6][7][8][9], temperature [10], fish size (age) [10,11], osmolarity, prime boost strategy [1], mucosal integrity [12,13], replicative vs. non-replicative vaccines [1] and how the experimental pathogen challenges are carried out (e.g., virulence of the challenge pathogen, high or low pathogen pressure/load).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review on Immersion Vaccines for Fish: An Update 2019

Bøgwald

Dalmo

2019

Microorganisms

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Immersion vaccines are used for a variety of aquacultured fish to protect against infectious diseases caused by bacteria and viruses. During immersion vaccination the antigens are taken up by the skin, gills or gut and processed by the immune system, where the resulting response may lead to protection. The lack of classical secondary responses following repeated immersion vaccination may partly be explained by the limited uptake of antigens by immersion compared to injection. Administration of vaccines depends on the size of the fish. In most cases, immersion vaccination is inferior to injection vaccination with regard to achieved protection. However, injection is problematic in small fish, and fry as small as 0.5 gram may be immersion vaccinated when they are considered adaptively immunocompetent. Inactivated vaccines are, in many cases, weakly immunogenic, resulting in low protection after immersion vaccination. Therefore, during recent years, several studies have focused on different ways to augment the efficacy of these vaccines. Examples are booster vaccination, administration of immunostimulants/adjuvants, pretreatment with low frequency ultrasound, use of live attenuated and DNA vaccines, preincubation in hyperosmotic solutions, percutaneous application of a multiple puncture instrument and application of more suitable inactivation chemicals. Electrostatic coating with positively charged chitosan to obtain mucoadhesive vaccines and a more efficient delivery of inactivated vaccines has also been successful.

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“…The idea of applying energy to the skin to improve immune responses is not new. 5 Examples of approaches that have been investigated include acoustic (e.g., sonophoresis 6,7 ), electrical (e.g., electroporation 8,9 ) and others (e.g., lasers 10,11 ). Mechanical means of delivery of vaccines, including ballistic gene guns delivery of vaccines, have been explored since the 1990s, although the effects of energy of application has not been investigated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microprojection arrays applied to skin generate mechanical stress, induce an inflammatory transcriptome and cell death, and improve vaccine-induced immune responses

Tuong

Fernando

et al. 2019

npj Vaccines

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Chemical adjuvants are typically used to improve immune responses induced by immunisation with protein antigens. Here we demonstrate an approach to enhance immune responses that does not require chemical adjuvants. We applied microprojection arrays to the skin, producing a range of controlled mechanical energy to invoke localised inflammation, while administering influenza split virus protein antigen. We used validated computational modelling methods to identify links between mechanical stress and energy generated within the skin strata and resultant cell death. We compared induced immune responses to those induced by needle-based intradermal antigen delivery and used a systems biology approach to examine the nature of the induced inflammatory response, and correlated this with markers of cell stress and death. Increasing the microprojection array application energy and the addition of QS-21 adjuvant were each associated with enhanced antibody response to delivered antigen and with induction of gene transcriptions associated with TNF and NF-κB signalling pathways. We concluded that microprojection intradermal antigen delivery inducing controlled local cell death could potentially replace chemical adjuvants to enhance the immune response to protein antigen.

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The adjuvant effect of low frequency ultrasound when applied with an inactivated Aeromonas salmonicida vaccine to rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Cited by 26 publications

References 33 publications

Aeromonas salmonicida: updates on an old acquaintance

Aeromonas salmonicida: updates on an old acquaintance

Review on Immersion Vaccines for Fish: An Update 2019

Microprojection arrays applied to skin generate mechanical stress, induce an inflammatory transcriptome and cell death, and improve vaccine-induced immune responses

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