The adjustment of international rail passenger services to new state boundaries – the Eastern Marchlands of Europe 1918–39

Howkins, Trevor J

doi:10.1016/s0966-6923(98)00028-3

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The latter process is well known in the literature (see, for example, Howkins, 1996Howkins, , 1999. What happened around 1945 on present-day Polish territory was done on a much wider scale and was more immediate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…Adjustment of transport networks to new international boundaries is common and there are numerous examples particularly in Europe following both the First and Second World Wars (Howkins, 1996(Howkins, , 1999. The immediate destruction, dismantling and reparation of Polish railway lines, other infrastructure and rolling stock after seizure of territory by the Soviet Union falls into a different category.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The dismantling and removal of railway lines by Soviet Red Army troops on present-day Polish territory, 1944–1948

Taylor

2008

Journal of Transport Geography

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The dismantling and removal of railway lines by Soviet Red Army troops on present-day Polish territory, 1944–1948

Taylor

2008

Journal of Transport Geography

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“…La norme ferroviaire et les frontières entre les empires 3 Dès leur origine, les organisations ferroviaires sont fortement marquées par les logiques territoriales des États qui ont contribué à les mettre en place. Dans la partie orientale de l'Europe, le poids des empires tels qu'ils se développaient à la fin du XIX e siècle, a orienté durablement l'architecture des systèmes ferroviaires (Howkins, 1999), à la fois par le dessin de réseaux rayonnant depuis les capitales (Berlin, Vienne, Budapest, Saint-Pétersbourg et Moscou), mais aussi par le choix des normes de conception. Si les États allemands et l'Empire d'Autriche-Hongrie ont choisi l'écartement devenu aujourd'hui standard de 1 435 mm, la Russie a opté pour une norme plus large de 1 520 mm.…”

Section: Histoire Et Géographie D'une Différence Techniqueunclassified

Le contact des réseaux ferrés à écartement russe et européen. Héritage embarrassant ou futur trait d’union continental ?

Beyer¹

2008

strates

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“…Among others, Hertner (2006) studied the financing of the Balkan railways; Lampe and Jackson (1982) and Palairet (1997) presented a detailed study of political struggles in the Balkans and their economic consequences for railways; Nikova (2007) focused on the lack of cooperation between the Balkan states regarding the development of the region's infrastructure; Pamuk (1987) and Bilmez (2008) provided an insight into the impact of foreign investment on the railways of the Ottoman Empire; while Popescu (2014) and Turnock (1979Turnock ( , 1986Turnock ( , 1989Turnock ( and 2006 explored social and economic issues related to the construction of railways in Romania and the Balkans. Even so, the impact of the unstable borders of SE Europe on the development of its railway network has so far received little attention in the literature, with a few notable exceptions (Wolfe, 1963;Turnock, 1979;Howkins, 1999 andStanev, 2013). The lack of territorial stability and the shortage of reliable and internationally comparable information have also greatly limited the possibility of conducting long term historical studies covering the whole Balkan region.…”

Section: Literature Data and Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This new territorial reality called for the reshaping of the railway network in each state and also in the region as a whole. As a result, governments had to take control of the different networks, nationalize private lines and plan future transport development (Howkins 1999).…”

Section: Domestic Expansion and Adaptation To New Bordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Xarxa ferroviària i sistema de ciutats

Palau¹

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The relationship between the railway network and the city system has been the subject of numerous studies in recent decades. The railway has assumed great importance as a key element of transport infrastructure for the both regional organisation of the cities and associated territories that it connects. It has conditioned such different phenomena as urban morphology, socio-economic development and the regional hierarchy of settlements. The proliferation of Historical Geographic Information Systems (HGIS) and the creation of territorial databases has opened the door to a series of new ways of analysing the possible effects associated with the railway. The current work proposes new methods and instruments which make it possible to model and quantify a number of new explanatory variables and to thereby provide a better understanding of the resulting correlations. Understanding that the use of macroscopic models does not always guarantee a sufficient degree of explanation, we have also proposed a series of case studies to establish the conditions under which these correlations are obtained. Models that study the correlations between railway coverage and population growth, territorial accessibility and the distribution of population, and the impact of railways and strategies for territorial expansion are just a few of the tools presented here. Morphological analyses of cities in relation to the railway, rail colonisation based on the railway network, and the relationship between rail infrastructure and regional development are just a few of the themes that we have studied in detail with the aim of improving our understanding of the specific dynamics involved. This study also demonstrates the great potential of the railway to transform the city system. However, this is a potential has not always been appropriately exploited by railway promotors nor by the inhabitants of the territories served by the railway network. It is essential to structure specific urban planning policies in order to maximise the benefits accruing to the local territory and to minimise the negative impact that the railway has on it. The current study proposes a number of indicators that could help to achieve both of these goals. La relació entre xarxa ferroviària i el sistema de ciutats ha estat llargament estudiada des de fa dècades. Com a infraestructura de transport, el ferrocarril ha esdevingut un element cabdal en la configuració urbana i territorial de les ciutats connectades. N'ha condicionat aspectes tan diversos com la morfologia urbana, el desenvolupament sòcio-econòmic o la jerarquia regional de les localitat. Amb la proliferació dels Sistemes d'Informació Geogràfica Històrics, per a la creació de bases de dades territorials, s'obre un nou ventall de possibilitats a l'hora d'analitzar els possibles efectes causats pel ferrocarril. El present treball planteja nous mètodes i instruments, que permeten modelitzar i quantificar noves variables explicatives, podent arribar així a una major comprensió de les correlacions esmentades. Al mateix temps, i donat que la implementació de models macroscòpics no sempre és prou explicativa, es plantegen també diversos estudis de cas per tal de verificar les condicions en les que es compleixen les correlacions establertes. La correlació entre cobertura ferroviària i creixement poblacional, la correlació entre accessibilitat territorial i distribució de població o la influència ferroviària en la estratègia d'expansió territorial representen alguns dels models aquí plantejats. Al mateix temps, l'anàlisi morfològic de ciutats en relació al ferrocarril, la colonització ferroviària basada en el ferrocarril o la interrelació entre infraestructures i desenvolupament regional son alguns dels tòpics desenvolupats en detall per tal de comprendre les dinàmiques específiques. Amb tot, es demostra un gran potencial transformador del ferrocarril sobre el sistema de ciutats. Ara bé, aquest potencial no sempre ha estat aprofitat de forma adequada pels promotors ferroviaris o pels habitants dels territoris servits. La necessitat d'articular polítiques urbanístiques específiques per maximitzar els beneficis territorials i minimitzar els impactes causats és essencial. I el present treball planteja certes indicacions que permetrien un millor encaix d'ambdós elements

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The adjustment of international rail passenger services to new state boundaries – the Eastern Marchlands of Europe 1918–39

Cited by 5 publications

References 9 publications

The dismantling and removal of railway lines by Soviet Red Army troops on present-day Polish territory, 1944–1948

The dismantling and removal of railway lines by Soviet Red Army troops on present-day Polish territory, 1944–1948

Le contact des réseaux ferrés à écartement russe et européen. Héritage embarrassant ou futur trait d’union continental ?

Xarxa ferroviària i sistema de ciutats

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