The Adhesion of Maleic Anhydride on Native Aluminum Oxide: An Approach by Infrared Spectroscopy and Quantum Mechanical Modeling

Abstract

The bonding between maleic anhydride, a curing agent for epoxy resins, and natively oxidized aluminum is studied by a combination of infrared spectroscopy and quantum mechanical modeling. On native aluminum oxide, maleic anhydride is hydrolyzed to maleic acid in the early stages of adhesion. The acid prefers a bridged chelate bond of one of its acid groups to two Al atoms of the metal oxide. Furthermore, a monodentate bond between a carbonyl oxygen of an acid group and an Al atom is identi®ed. The anhydride itself shows no tendency to adhere on the native aluminum oxide. Since maleic acid is less reactive in the polymerization than the anhydride, the results imply that the chemical curing reaction could be hampered in the vicinity of the Al substrate.

Mechanochemically driven solid-state Diels–Alder reaction of graphite into graphene nanoplatelets

“…In addition, MI-GnPs display a small band at 1345 cm À1 , which is attributed to C-N stretching from maleimide ring moieties at the edges. The results suggest that anhydride groups (mostly C]O stretching in anhydride appears at 1830 cm À1 ) on MA-GnPs are hydrolyzed into carboxylic acids, 27 whereas the maleimide rings on MI-GnPs remain intact during acid-mediated work-up procedures. 25,26 For more detailed analysis, both EFGnPs were further examined by XPS (Fig.…”

Adhesive Interactions of Polyurethane Monomers with Native Metal Surfaces

“…However, they have been established in detail for only few adhesives on few metals. The list contains acrylate, epoxy, and polycyanurate monomer and oligomer molecules on inorganic solids [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. It includes changes of bonding with substrate state and ageing time, e.g., due to temperature and other external influences [11][12][13][14][15][16][17].…”

Adhesion in polypropylene/aluminum laminates made by extrusion coating

“…In the case of polypropylene, maleic anhydride is commonly used as grafted polar group. Many articles have explored the reaction between maleic grafted polypropylene and aluminum, and the type of bonding has been identified 3–8. After coating on the aluminum foil, the grafted maleic anhydride molecule is immediately hydrolyzed into maleic acid, as schematically shown in Figure 1.…”