The adaptable use of Brassica NIRS calibration equations to identify pennycress variants to facilitate the rapid domestication of a new winter oilseed crop

Chopra, Ratan; Folstad, Nicole; Lyons, Joseph; Ulmasov, Tim; Gallaher, Cynthia M.; Sullivan, Liam; McGovern, Abby; Mitacek, Rachel; Frels, Katherine; Altendorf, Kayla R.; Killam, Arthur S.; Ismail, Baraem; Anderson, James A.; Wyse, Donald L.; Marks, M. David

doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2018.10.079

Cited by 26 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Thus, a search for lines with reduced glucosinolates was conducted to improve the value of pennycress as a crop for animal feed and human consumption 20 . As described previously, over 15,000 lines were scanned using near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) to estimate the chemical composition of intact viable seeds 32 . This screen identified one line predicted to have very low glucosinolate levels ( Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and stacking of crucial traits required for the domestication of pennycress

et al. 2020

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The oilseed species Thlaspi arvense (pennycress)-a weed that was only recently removed from the wild-has the potential to provide new sources of food and bioproducts when grown as a winter cover crop. Domestication of wild species has historically taken hundreds to thousands of years, but by making use of large-scale high-throughput comparative gene and phenotype analyses, along with recently developed technological tools, it has been possible to greatly accelerate this process. By taking advantage of extensive gene and phenotype knowledge in the related plant Arabidopsis, mutations for early maturity, reduced pod shatter, reduced seed glucosinolates and improved fatty acid composition were identified. Progress has been made to rapidly stack these traits in order to domesticate the plant, allowing it to fit within current crop cycles and to have improved seed harvestability and nutritional content. Pennycress, domesticated as a winter cover crop, may provide new sources of food, animal feed and bioproducts-and solutions to food security.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and stacking of crucial traits required for the domestication of pennycress

et al. 2020

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“…Several limited genetic analyses of pennycress germplasm have been completed, including an evaluation of allelic diversity of the FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC) locus in 35 spring annual pennycress accessions [21] and the genetic diversity of 19 Chinese pennycress populations using three chloroplast and one nuclear DNA genes [22]. Thus far, pennycress breeding has focused on the use of mutagenesis and genome editing to manipulate specific traits of interest for pennycress domestication [2,13,14,23]. However, these breeding methods restrict the researcher to a genetic base of limited accessions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Diversity of Field Pennycress (Thlaspi arvense) Reveals Untapped Variability and Paths Toward Selection for Domestication

et al. 2019

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Evaluation of genetic diversity within wild populations is an essential process for improvement and domestication of new crop species. This process involves evaluation of population structure and individual accessions based on genetic markers, growth habits, and geographic collection area. In this study, accessions of field pennycress were analyzed to identify population structure and variation in germplasm available for breeding. A total of 9157 genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified among the 121 accessions analyzed, and linkage disequilibrium based pruning resulted in 3497 SNPs. Bayesian cluster analysis was implemented in STRUCTURE v2.3.4 to identify four population groups. These groups were confirmed based on principal components analysis and geographic origins. Pairwise diversity among accessions was evaluated and revealed considerable genetic variation. Notably, a subset of accessions from Armenia with exceptional genetic variation was identified. This survey is the first to report significant genetic diversity among pennycress accessions and explain some of the phenotypic differences previously observed in the germplasm. Understanding variation in pennycress accessions will be a crucial step for selection, breeding, and domestication of a new cash cover crop for cold climates.

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“…A recent evaluation of genetic diversity showed that the genetic variation present in North American pennycress accessions was limited (Frels et al 2017). Therefore, alternative tools such as chemical mutagenesis and gene editing have been used to create genetic variation for key domestication traits (Chopra et al , 2019aMcGinn et al 2018).…”

Section: Germplasm Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of pennycress as a winter annual cash cover crop. A review

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et al. 2019

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

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Agriculture in the Upper Midwest of the USA is characterized by a short growing season and unsustainable farming practices including low-diversity cropping systems and high fertilizer inputs. One method to reduce the magnitude of these problems is by integrating a winter annual into the summer-annual-dominant cropping system. For this reason, pennycress (Thlaspi arvense) has garnered interest in the agricultural community due to its winter annual growth habit and potential for industrial oil production, making it an ecologically and economically desirable crop. Despite decades of research focusing on pennycress as an agricultural weed, little is known about its best management practices as an intentionally cultivated crop. The majority of agronomic research has occurred within the past 10 years, and there are major gaps in knowledge that need to be addressed prior to the widespread integration of pennycress on the landscape. Here we review relevant agronomic research on pennycress as a winter annual crop in the areas of sowing requirements, harvest, seed oil content, seed oil quality, cropping strategies, ecosystem services, and germplasm development. The major points are as follows: (1) there is little consensus regarding basic agronomic practices (i.e., seeding rate, row spacing, nutrient requirements, and harvest strategy); (2) pennycress can be integrated into a corn (Zea mays)soybean (Glycine max) rotation, but further research on system management is required to maximize crop productivity and oilseed yields; (3) pennycress provides essential ecosystem services to the landscape in early spring when vegetation is scarce; (4) breeding efforts are required to remove detrimental weedy characteristics, such as silicle shatter and high sinigrin content, from the germplasm. We conclude that pennycress shows great promise as an emergent crop; however, current adoption is limited by a lack of conclusive knowledge regarding management practices and future research is required over a multitude of topics.

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The adaptable use of Brassica NIRS calibration equations to identify pennycress variants to facilitate the rapid domestication of a new winter oilseed crop

Cited by 26 publications

References 35 publications

Identification and stacking of crucial traits required for the domestication of pennycress

Identification and stacking of crucial traits required for the domestication of pennycress

Genetic Diversity of Field Pennycress (Thlaspi arvense) Reveals Untapped Variability and Paths Toward Selection for Domestication

Management of pennycress as a winter annual cash cover crop. A review

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