The Adaptable 4A Inversion (5AI): description and first &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;X&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;CO&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;2&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; retrievals from Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 (OCO-2) observations

Dogniaux, Matthieu; Crévoisier, Cyril; Armante, R.; Capelle, V.; Delahaye, Thibault; Cassé, Vincent; Mazière, Martine De; Deutscher, Nicholas M.; Feist, Dietrich G.; García, Omaira; Griffith, David; Hase, Frank; Iraci, L. T.; Kivi, Rigel; Morino, Isamu; Notholt, Justus; Pollard, David F.; Roehl, Coleen M.; Shiomi, Kei; Strong, Kimberly; Té, Yao; Velazco, Voltaire A.; Warneke, Thorsten

doi:10.5194/amt-14-4689-2021

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Some relate to improving atmospheric measurements in ways that improve the ability to distinguish human sources from natural variability. For example, multiple nations have developed and deployed satellite instruments that measure CO 2 concentrations in the Earth's atmosphere [23]. In time, these satellite methods may allow for precise remote measurement of national sources, although many challenges remain.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atmospheric verification of emissions reductions on paths to deep decarbonization

Abdulla

Telschow

Dohner

et al. 2023

Environ. Res. Lett.

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A central challenge for sustaining international cooperation to cut global greenhouse gas emissions is confidence that national policy efforts are leading to a meaningful impact on the climate. Here, we apply a detection protocol to determine when the measurable signal of atmospheric CO2 can be distinguished from the noise of the carbon cycle and uncertainties in emission trends. We test that protocol with a database of 226 emission mitigation scenarios—the universe of scenarios vetted by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. These scenarios are descriptive of ‘baseline’ trajectories of emissions trends in the absence of new policies along with trajectories that reflect substantial policy efforts to stop warming at 1.5 °C–2 °C above pre-industrial levels, as embodied in the Paris Agreement. The most aggressive mitigation scenarios (i.e. 1.5 °C) require 11–16 years to detect a signal of demonstrable progress from the noise; 2 °C scenarios lengthen detection by at least a decade. As more climate policy analysts face the reality that goals of 1.5 °C–2 °C seem infeasible, they have developed ‘overshoot’ scenarios with emissions that rise above the agreed goal and then, later on, fall aggressively to achieve it. These pathways come at the political cost of a 1–2 decade delay in detection, even for the 1.5 °C scenarios. The Paris Agreement requires a global ‘stocktake’ that interrogates national mitigation efforts; our results suggest that this effort must grapple with the question of when the world can gain confidence that the diplomacy on climate is demonstrably making an impact.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atmospheric verification of emissions reductions on paths to deep decarbonization

Abdulla

Telschow

Dohner

et al. 2023

Environ. Res. Lett.

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“…In the context of this work, inverse radiative transfer aims to determine the geophysical parameters and their uncertainties that best explain a given noised infrared measurement. For this purpose, we use the 5AI retrieval scheme (Dogniaux et al, 2021) that implements the optimal estimation (hereafter denoted OE) inverse method, iterating with a Levenberg-Marquardt optimisation method (Rodgers, 2000).…”

Section: Retrieval Method: the 5ai Inverse Schemementioning

confidence: 99%

The Space Carbon Observatory (SCARBO) concept: assessment of X_CO₂ and X_CH₄ retrieval performance

Dogniaux

Crévoisier²,

Gousset³

et al. 2022

Atmos. Meas. Tech.

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Abstract. Several single-platform satellite missions have been designed during the past decades in order to retrieve the atmospheric concentrations of anthropogenic greenhouse gases (GHG), initiating worldwide efforts towards better monitoring of their sources and sinks. To set up a future operational system for anthropogenic GHG emission monitoring, both revisit frequency and spatial resolution need to be improved. The Space Carbon Observatory (SCARBO) project aims at significantly increasing the revisit frequency of spaceborne GHG measurements, while reaching state-of-the-art precision requirements, by implementing a concept of small satellite constellation. It would accommodate a miniaturised GHG sensor named NanoCarb coupled with an aerosol instrument, the multi-angle polarimeter SPEXone. More specifically, the NanoCarb sensor is a static Fabry–Pérot imaging interferometer with a 2.3×2.3 km2 spatial resolution and 200 km swath. It samples a truncated interferogram at optical path differences (OPDs) optimally sensitive to all the geophysical parameters necessary to retrieve column-averaged dry-air mole fractions of CO2 and CH4 (hereafter XCO2 and XCH4). In this work, we present the Level 2 performance assessment of the concept proposed in the SCARBO project. We perform inverse radiative transfer to retrieve XCO2 and XCH4 directly from synthetic NanoCarb truncated interferograms and provide their systematic and random errors, column vertical sensitivities, and degrees of freedom as a function of five scattering-error-critical atmospheric and observational parameters. We show that NanoCarb XCO2 and XCH4 systematic retrieval errors can be greatly reduced with SPEXone posterior outputs used as improved prior aerosol constraints. For two-thirds of the soundings, located at the centre of the 200 km NanoCarb swath, XCO2 and XCH4 random errors span 0.5–1 ppm and 4–6 ppb, respectively, compliant with their respective 1 ppm and 6 ppb precision objectives. Finally, these Level 2 performance results are parameterised as a function of the explored scattering-error-critical atmospheric and observational parameters in order to time-efficiently compute extensive L2 error maps for future CO2 and CH4 flux estimation performance studies.

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“…In the context of this work, inverse radiative transfer aims to determine the geophysical parameters and their uncertainties that best explain a given noised infrared measurement. For this purpose, we use the 5AI retrieval scheme (Dogniaux et al, 2021) that implements the Optimal Estimation (hereafter denoted OE) inverse method (Rodgers, 2000).…”

Section: Retrieval Method: the 5ai Inverse Scheme 205mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Space CARBon Observatory (SCARBO) concept: Assessment of XCO<sub>2</sub> and XCH<sub>4</sub> retrieval performance

Dogniaux

Crévoisier

Gousset

et al. 2021

Preprint

Self Cite

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Abstract. Several single-platform satellite missions have been designed during the past decades in order to retrieve the atmospheric concentrations of anthropogenic greenhouse gases (GHG), initiating worldwide efforts towards better monitoring of their sources and sinks. To set up a future operational system for anthropogenic GHG emission monitoring, both revisit frequency and spatial resolution need to be improved. The Space CARBon Observatory (SCARBO) project aims at significantly increasing the revisit frequency of spaceborne GHG measurements, while reaching state-of-the-art precision requirements, by implementing a concept of small satellite constellation. It would accommodate a miniaturized GHG sensor named NanoCarb coupled with an aerosol instrument, the multi-angle polarimeter SPEXone. More specifically, the NanoCarb sensor is a static Fabry-Perot imaging interferometer with a 2.3 × 2.3 km2 spatial resolution and 200 km swath. It samples a truncated interferogram at optical path differences (OPDs) optimally sensitive to all the geophysical parameters necessary to retrieve column-averaged dry-air mole fractions of CO2 and CH4 (hereafter XCO2 and XCH4). In this work, we present the Level 2 performance assessment of the concept proposed in the SCARBO project. We perform inverse radiative transfer to retrieve XCO2 and XCH4 directly from synthetic NanoCarb truncated interferograms, and provide their systematic and random errors, column vertical sensitivities and degrees of freedom as a function of five scattering error-critical atmospheric and observational parameters. We show that NanoCarb XCO2 and XCH4 systematic retrieval errors can be greatly reduced with SPEXone posterior outputs used as improved prior aerosol constraints. For two thirds of the soundings, located at the centre of the 200 km NanoCarb swath, XCO2 and XCH4 random errors span 0.5–1 ppm and 4–6 ppb, respectively, compliant with their respective 1-ppm and 6-ppb precision objectives. Finally, these Level 2 performance results are parameterized as a function of the explored scattering error-critical atmospheric and observational parameters in order to time-efficiently compute extensive L2 error maps for future CO2 and CH4 flux estimation performance studies.

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The Adaptable 4A Inversion (5AI): description and first <i>X</i><sub>CO<sub>2</sub></sub> retrievals from Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 (OCO-2) observations

Cited by 9 publications

References 63 publications

Atmospheric verification of emissions reductions on paths to deep decarbonization

Atmospheric verification of emissions reductions on paths to deep decarbonization

The Space Carbon Observatory (SCARBO) concept: assessment of X_CO₂ and X_CH₄ retrieval performance

The Space CARBon Observatory (SCARBO) concept: Assessment of XCO<sub>2</sub> and XCH<sub>4</sub> retrieval performance

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The Adaptable 4A Inversion (5AI): description and first &lt;i&gt;X&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; retrievals from Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 (OCO-2) observations

Cited by 9 publications

References 63 publications

Atmospheric verification of emissions reductions on paths to deep decarbonization

Atmospheric verification of emissions reductions on paths to deep decarbonization

The Space Carbon Observatory (SCARBO) concept: assessment of XCO2 and XCH4 retrieval performance

The Space CARBon Observatory (SCARBO) concept: Assessment of XCO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; and XCH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; retrieval performance

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Product

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The Adaptable 4A Inversion (5AI): description and first <i>X</i><sub>CO<sub>2</sub></sub> retrievals from Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 (OCO-2) observations

The Space Carbon Observatory (SCARBO) concept: assessment of X_CO₂ and X_CH₄ retrieval performance

The Space CARBon Observatory (SCARBO) concept: Assessment of XCO<sub>2</sub> and XCH<sub>4</sub> retrieval performance