The adaptability of maize (Zea Mays l.) to drought tolerance by using Salicylic Acid (SA) foliar application under the middle area conditions of Iraq

Abstract

A field experiment is carried out in private farm of Silty loam textured soil, in Al-Latifiya, district southern Baghdad, Iraq during the spring season of 2018. The objective is to study Maize’s adaptability (Zea mays L.) plants to drought using water stress and Salicylic acid foliar application by determining some growth traits. A split-split plots system is used within Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The main plots include three irrigation treatments (IQ); 100% (full irrigation), 80% and 60% available water. The subplots involve four Salicylic acids (SA) concentrations; 0, 100, 200 and 300 mg.L-1. The results were as follows: The Salicylic acid (SA) has shown a clear significant effect in all characteristics. The (300 mg.L-1) concentration of SA gives the highest rates of growth traits. Similarly, the irrigation treatments have shown a clear significant effect on all traits. The full irrigation treatment gave highest rates on growth characteristics; leaf area (LA), leaf area index (LAI), plant’s height (PLH), number of leaves per plant (LN). Therefore, this study suggests the possibility of making Maise plants (Zea mays L.) more adaptable to drought tolerance using water stress and Salicylic acid foliar application. Such tolerance leads to reduce plant water requirement without significant effects on growth and yield characteristics as well.

Spraying Maize with Salicylic and Ascorbic Acids to Improve Physiological Traits and Productivity Under Water Stress Conditions

“…It could be pronounced that increasing the amount of water applied to maize plants allowed the soil to hold more moisture, which improved plant metabolism, increased plant development and greater dry matter production then plant height was lowered as a result of soil moisture depletion this could be attributed to the fact that water stress produced short plants. The current study is in full harmony with the results of Abo-Marzoka et al, 2016;Majid et al, 2017, Abo El-Ezz and Haffez, 2019and Abdulnaser et al, 2021 The reduction in plant height is typically caused by a reduction in the number of nodes as well as internode length. This decrease in growth could be attributed to decreased photosynthesis, suppressed cell division, and lowered cellular prolongation.…”

The Effect of Salicylic Acid on the Growth Features of Sunflower Crops in Iraqi Middle-area Conditions

“…The results of Table (4) indicated that there were significant differences in the average leaf area (LA) when increasing the concentration of the spray solution of salicylic acid on the plant. The highest average LAwas at the treatment 300 mg .-1 which amounted to 1931.9 cm 2 .Plant -1 , while the lowest average for this trait at the control treatment was 1184.7 cm 2 .Plant -1 .…”

“…The importance of this crop is due to the fact that it is one of the important oil crops in the world, as it occupies the third place after soybeans and palm oil, where the percentage of oil in its seeds reaches 55%, so it contributes about 14% of global oil production [3]. Salicylic acid is one of the most important phenolic derivatives widely spread in plant species, which has important physiological effects in plant growth, flowering and ion absorption, and helps accelerate the formation of chlorophyll and carotene pigments, accelerate photosynthesis and increase the activity of some important enzymes,therefore, it is necessary to IOP Publishing doi:10.1088/1755-1315/1222/1/012027 2 work on finding a mechanism for irrigation by determining the quantities of added water, the dates of that addition and irrigation periods, and the management of irrigation water and its correct application and giving water in quantities that enable the cultivated crop to benefit from it efficiently is one of the important priorities in agricultural operations in arid and semi-arid areas [4]. In addition to its role in inhibiting the synthesis of ethylene and its opposite effect of abscisic acid (ABA) in the process of opening and closing stomata, it gives plants systemic immunity from pathogens and helps plants withstand stress resulting from extreme temperatures, freezing, drought and salinity [5].…”