The acute toxicity of pulse-dosed thiocyanate (as KSCN and NaSCN) to rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) eggs before and after water hardening

Kevan, S. D.; Dixon, D. George

doi:10.1016/0166-445x(91)90031-4

Cited by 19 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Other toxicants, including metals, may pass more readily through membrane channels and potentially affect the embryo in a different manner ŽRosenthal and Sperling, 1974;Van Leeuwen et al, . 1985;Kevan and Dixon, 1991 . While a test that focuses on embryo development may not always be a suitable replacement for tests that Ž include other critical life history stages e.g., hatching, . swim-up, growth , it provides a comparatively rapid method for screening effluents, surface waters, and chemicals for toxicity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A simplified procedure for conducting small scale short-term embryo toxicity tests with salmonids

Canaria¹,

Elphick²,

Bailey³

1999

Environ. Toxicol.

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A method for conducting short‐term (7 day) embryo toxicity tests with rainbow trout is described. The test uses an easily recognizable endpoint that incorporates fertilization success, embryo mortality, and morphogenesis. Method validation included 26 tests on pulp and paper mill effluents and 10 tests with the reference toxicant sodium dodecyl sulphate. The results demonstrate that the method is sensitive and reproducible. Sensitivity, as measured by the minimum statistically significant response, averaged 15.5% of the control performance. Control embryo viability averaged 90% over 36 tests, indicating that the test procedures are robust with low probability of failure. Reference toxicant test results suggested that the short‐term embryo toxicity tests were appreciably more sensitive than 96 h acute tests with juvenile rainbow trout and 7 day fathead minnow larval survival and growth tests. This test offers the potential for conducting routine toxicity tests where cold water salmonids are the species of interest and it is desirable to use a more sensitive measure of effects than a 96 h LC50 acute toxicity test with juvenile fish. ©1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Environ Toxicol 14: 301–307, 1999

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Water hardening is a critical period in exposure since a toxicant may enter the perivitelline space while the Ž chorion is still relatively permeable Rosenthal and Sperling, 1974;Van Leeuwen et al, 1985;Kevan and . Dixon, 1991 .…”

Section: Effect Of Time Of Exposure Initiation On Test Endpointmentioning

confidence: 99%

A simplified procedure for conducting small scale short-term embryo toxicity tests with salmonids

Canaria¹,

Elphick²,

Bailey³

1999

Environ. Toxicol.

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“…Exposure of rainbow trout eggs to SCN − concentrations ജ85 mg liter −1 before water hardening has been found to significantly increase the incidence of deformities in alevins at hatch (Kevan and Dixon, 1991). SCN − is an antithyroidal (goitrogenic) agent which competes for iodide uptake by the thyroid in both rainbow trout (Lanno and Dixon, 1996) and fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) (Lanno and Dixon, 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Age and Coion (K+and Na+) on the Toxicity of Thiocyanate to Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) during Pulse or Continuous Exposure

Kevan

Dixon

1996

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety

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“…Researchers have increasingly addressed the importance of evaluating acute and chronic toxicity as a result of pulsed and intermittent exposure as it occurs in aquatic environments [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25]. However, little or no data currently exist concerning the chronic toxicity of pulse-dosed fenoxycarb exposure to aquatic organisms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic Toxicity of Pulse-Dosed Fenoxycarb to Daphnia Magna Exposed to Environmentally Realistic Concentrations

Hosmer¹,

Warren²,

Ward³

1998

Environ Toxicol Chem

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Abstract-Effects of fenoxycarb on growth and reproduction of Daphnia magna were examined under realistic exposure conditions as defined by predictions from laboratory fate studies and observations in the field. Initial concentrations were administered in a single pulse dose and altered to mimic the reduction of fenoxycarb that occurs following field application to natural waters (halflife Ӎ 10 hours). Potential effects on the developmental stage of test organisms were determined by exposure of four age groups: less than 24 h, 4 to 6 d, 8 d, and 11 d. There were no significant effects on survival or time to first brood of first-and secondgeneration daphnids in any age group. The number of young per daphnid was significantly lower than controls only among daphnids that were less than 24 h old at test initiation and exposed to the highest initial measured concentration of fenoxycarb (45 g/L). The estimated maximum acceptable toxicant concentration (MATC) was 26 g/L, calculated from exposure of the most sensitive age group (less than 24 h old) to environmentally realistic levels of fenoxycarb. This represents a substantial reduction in toxicity when compared to the MATC of 0.0016 g/L previously reported from a standard, constant-exposure study.

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The acute toxicity of pulse-dosed thiocyanate (as KSCN and NaSCN) to rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) eggs before and after water hardening

Cited by 19 publications

References 7 publications

A simplified procedure for conducting small scale short-term embryo toxicity tests with salmonids

A simplified procedure for conducting small scale short-term embryo toxicity tests with salmonids

Effects of Age and Coion (K+and Na+) on the Toxicity of Thiocyanate to Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) during Pulse or Continuous Exposure

Chronic Toxicity of Pulse-Dosed Fenoxycarb to Daphnia Magna Exposed to Environmentally Realistic Concentrations

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