The Acute Toxicity of Nitrite Inhalants

Rw, Wood

doi:10.1037/e496612006-003

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 26 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Among the most common side effects due to poppers headaches have been reported as acute side effects, whereas several cases of retinal toxicity, retinopathy and toxic maculopathy have been described as long-term effect [ 41 - 45 ]. The mechanisms of toxicity remain unclear with the hypotheses of a modulation of retinal cell phototransduction or of an increase in light toxicity susceptibility [ 43 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

When “Chems” Meet Sex: A Rising Phenomenon Called “ChemSex”

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: The term “chemsex” was coined to indicate the voluntary intake of psychoactive and non psychoactive drugs in the context of recreational settings to facilitate and/or to enhance sexual intercourses mostly among men who have sex with other men (MSM).Objective: The authors aimed to review the mechanisms of action, the toxicity and the pattern of use and abuse of substances involved in “chemsex” practice together with the sociocultural background underlying it and the health-related consequences that they may have.Results: Gamma-hydroxybutyrate, gamma-butyrolactone,1,4-butanediol, mephedrone, methamphetamine, sildenafil, tadalafil, vardenafil and alkyl nitrites have been described in their role of “chemsex drugs” including pharmacological action and in their implication to impair capacities to chose sexual partners and consensual sex. Moreover, it has been demonstrated that sexual activity over protracted length of time under the influence of chemsex drugs can result in rectal trauma or penile abrasions and a significant increase of the risk of transmission of sexual transmitted diseases, especially in case of condomless intercourses, which are frequent in this context, representing therefore a serious health threat.Conclusion: One of the major problems to establish health policy priority interventions for chemsex is the lack of available epidemiological data on the issue. Finally, social actions should be taken in order to break down the barriers that currently exist among chemsex drug users in accessing services, including the shame and stigma often associated with drug use. In conclusion, more specific resources to face high risks of infections and HIV transmission are required in bisexual and homosexual individuals having SUID: sex under the influence of drugs.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

When “Chems” Meet Sex: A Rising Phenomenon Called “ChemSex”

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…31 Entre os efeitos colaterais mais comuns causados pelos poppers, são dores de cabeça, toxicidade retiniana, retinopatia e maculopatia tem sido descrita como efeito a longo prazo. 30 A metanfetamina inibe a recaptação de dopamina, noradrenalina e serotonina por agir nos seus transportadores. A substância induz uma liberação substancial desses neurotransmissores nas sinapses do sistema nervoso central (SNC) gerando euforia, propriedades empatogênicas e alucinogênicas nos usuários.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Chemsex E Seu Impacto Na Saúde

Sehnem¹,

Merigo²,

Saraçol³

et al. 2023

Open Science Research X

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Frente ao risco de ruptura da relativa estabilização dos casos de HIV/Aids no Brasil, objetiva-se, a partir dessa pesquisa, alertar sobre os efeitos negativos do Chemsex – uma prática sexual de risco potencializada pelo consumo de drogas e substâncias químicas - à saúde pública. Além disso, buscou-se entender as motivações dessa prática e qual é a sua representatividade no Brasil. Para isso, realizou-se uma revisão integrativa da literatura sobre Chemsex e seu impacto nas Ist’s/HIV. A pesquisa foi realizada nas principais bases de dados eletrônicas, em seis etapas distintas, com delimitação dos descritores e operadores boleanos e conseguinte análise de inclusão/exclusão de estudos. Obteve-se 303 artigos, dos quais 38 enquadravam-se aptos para leitura na íntegra. Ademais, percebeu-se uma quantidade incipiente de materiais referente ao assunto no Brasil. Por outro lado, existe uma concentração de estudos, ainda que pequena, desenvolvida pelos países do norte. Implicações: A partir dessa revisão, percebeu-se a necessidade de ampliação do conhecimento e da divulgação pelas entidades de saúde a respeito dos impactos gerados por esse novo fenômeno sexual de risco, com o intuito, assim, de suprir o hiato informacional que pode estar sendo causado pela subnotificação ou desconhecimento dessa nova prática.

show abstract

“…Das Inhalieren führt zu einem wenige Minuten anhaltenden Rausch, dem sogenannten Flash. Konsumenten berichten von Glücksgefühlen und einer aphrodisierenden Wirkung [2,3]. Der Effekt beruht primär auf einer Relaxation der glatten Muskulatur, der daraus resultierenden Vasodilatation der Gefäße und einer möglichen Reflextachykardie.…”

unclassified

Poppers-Makulopathie

Pahlitzsch

Drăghici

2013

Klin Monatsbl Augenheilkd

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Although poppers have been in use for several decades, in 2007 in England, the popper composition was changed by law from isobutyl nitrite to isopropyl nitrite. It is hard to distinguish whether a specific nitrite group triggers the maculopathy or whether it is the dose level, thus suggesting the existence of a cumulative dose-response relationship. We postulate that a major factor of the manifestation of maculopathy is the individual limit of vulnerability. Despite decades of use, the majority of our series does not present any pathology. Limits of our patient population represents the HIV disease: three maculopathies of our series are HIV-associated and controlled by antiretroviral therapy, so that a clear distinction to the disease is absent. Poppers were earlier regarded to cause an AIDS-defining disease of viral aetiology: Kaposi sarcoma. We are well aware of that association and postulate that the observed maculopathies are not causally related to HIV disease and antiretroviral therapy. Considering the cultural background of our patients (multiple partners, frequent sex) and the disinhibiting effect of poppers, an increased risk of HIV disease is found. Since this disease is a rare disorder, patients should be asked specifically about poppers abuse. Further study of the effect of poppers on maculopathy is needed.

show abstract

The Acute Toxicity of Nitrite Inhalants

Cited by 5 publications

References 26 publications

When “Chems” Meet Sex: A Rising Phenomenon Called “ChemSex”

When “Chems” Meet Sex: A Rising Phenomenon Called “ChemSex”

Chemsex E Seu Impacto Na Saúde

Poppers-Makulopathie

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About