The acute toxicity of chlorfenvinphos to sheep and cattle when applied dermally

Pickering, William

doi:10.1136/vr.77.39.1140

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…(1968); 9, T ucker & C rabtree (1970); 10, A m brose et al (1970); 11, Gaines (1969); 12, F .A .O ./W .H .O . (1972); 13, H u tso n & H a th w a y (1967); 14,Pickering (1965); 15, B un y an et al (1971); 16, Shafer (1972); 17, E dson et al (1963); 18, H ayes (1971); 19, Shaffer & W est (i960); 20, H ag an et a l . (1961); 21, B uck et al (1973);…”

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confidence: 99%

Hazards to wintering geese and other wildlife from the use of dieldrin, chlorfenvinphos and carbophenothion as wheat seed treatments

Stanley

Bunyan

1979

Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B.

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Chemical treatments of cereal seeds are used in the United Kingdom to prevent damage by a number of pests including the wheat bulb fly, which is a serious pest of winter wheat. The persistent organochlorine dieldrin was introduced in the 1950s as a seed treatment but caused the death of large numbers of grain eating birds and gave rise to unacceptable environmental contamination. The withdrawal of dieldrin as a seed treatment was made possible by the introduction of two less persistent organophosphate insecticides, chlorfenvinphos and carbophenothion. Although the introduction of these chemicals has been beneficial in reducing environmental contamination, some side-effects on wildlife have still been discernible and carbophenothion has now been withdrawn from use in Scotland owing to the deaths of wintering geese from carbophenothion poisoning. Subsequent laboratory studies have demonstrated that Anser geese are particularly susceptible to carbophenothion poisoning, and the underlying biochemical mechanism has been investigated. The fundamental problem of species variation in toxicity among the organophosphorus and carbamate pesticides which this investigation illustrates presents difficulties for registration authorities when they are considered for clearance for agricultural use. The implications of the environmental problems encountered with dieldrin, chlorfenvinphos and carbophenothion for the pre-clearance testing of new chemicals are discussed and the critical surveillance of the early years of commercial use of a chemical is recommended to support pre-clearance studies aimed at assessing the potential hazard to the environment.

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confidence: 99%

Hazards to wintering geese and other wildlife from the use of dieldrin, chlorfenvinphos and carbophenothion as wheat seed treatments

Stanley

Bunyan

1979

Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B.

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Chlorfenvinfos 470‐90‐6

2004

Sax's Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials

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Organophosphorus poisoning: A comparative study of the toxicity of chlorfenvinphos [2‐chloro‐1‐ (2′, 4′, ‐dichlorophenyl) vinyl diethyl phosphate] to the pigeon, the pheasant and the Japanese Quail

1971

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The acute oral toxicity of chlorfenvinphos [2-chloro-l-(2',41-dichlorophenyl)vinyl diethyl phosphate] was measured in pigeon (Columba livia),pheasant (Phasianus colchicus), andquail Coturnix coturnix japonica) chlorfenvinphos at 100 ppm in their diet for two or four weeks and esterase measurements were made by conventional and electrophoretic methodr on extracts of liver, kidney and brain. The conventionally measured esterase inhibition correlated well with the acute oral toxicity figures. A more detailed study of the histochemically stained electrophoregrams showed some discrepancies compared with conventional methods but offered a possible explanation of the inter-species toxicity difference in that it revealed dflerentid inhibition of some brain iso-esterases in pigeon but not in pheasant or quail. and the compound was shown to be particularly toxic to pigeons. Adiitional I y , all three species were fed ' Idem. ibid.. 1968. 16. 326 Finney, D.-J., 'Probh Analysis. A Statistical Treatment of the Sigmoid Response Curve', 1962 (Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press) ~

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The acute toxicity of chlorfenvinphos to sheep and cattle when applied dermally

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Hazards to wintering geese and other wildlife from the use of dieldrin, chlorfenvinphos and carbophenothion as wheat seed treatments

Hazards to wintering geese and other wildlife from the use of dieldrin, chlorfenvinphos and carbophenothion as wheat seed treatments

Chlorfenvinfos 470‐90‐6

Organophosphorus poisoning: A comparative study of the toxicity of chlorfenvinphos [2‐chloro‐1‐ (2′, 4′, ‐dichlorophenyl) vinyl diethyl phosphate] to the pigeon, the pheasant and the Japanese Quail

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