The Acute Phase Response

Raynes, John G.

doi:10.1002/9780470688618.taw0093

Cited by 2 publications

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“…The suboptimal health status predispose for further health problems [9]. Haptoglobin (Hpt) is a major acute-phase-protein in cattle and used as indicator for an inflammatory response [10]. Hpt can also be regarded as a bovine adipokine and is therefore strongly related to body condition [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Pre-Calving Body Condition and Different post partum Concentrate Feed Proportions on Immune-Associated and Hematological Parameters in Pluriparous Dairy Cows

Bünemann

Frahm

Kersten

et al. 2020

Animals

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The present study aimed at evaluating the influences of different concentrate feed proportions in the ration offered to dairy cows post partum with different body condition scores (BCS) before calving. Therefore, 60 pluriparous cows were divided 42 days before expected calving into two groups with a higher or an adequate BCS. After calving, both groups were further subdivided into a group fed a ration with either a low concentrate feed proportion (C, 35% at dry matter basis) or a high (60% at dry matter basis) one. It was hypothesized that different BCS would lead to different reactions concerning varying concentrate feed proportions. Isolated BCS effects were detected in the white blood profile only before calving. Neither low nor high concentrate feed proportions affected hematological, blood immune cell phenotypes and inflammatory markers consistently irrespective of BCS group. It was concluded, that the assessed BCS span covered a range in which the capability of cows to cope with different dietary post partum energy supply remained unchanged.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Pre-Calving Body Condition and Different post partum Concentrate Feed Proportions on Immune-Associated and Hematological Parameters in Pluriparous Dairy Cows

Bünemann

Frahm

Kersten

et al. 2020

Animals

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Acute‐Phase Proteins

Raynes

2015

Encyclopedia of Life Sciences

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Acute‐phase proteins (APPs) form part of the systemic acute‐phase response which accompanies inflammation. Their primary site of synthesis is the hepatocyte in response to interleukin‐6 and other inflammation‐associated cytokines. Clinically, APPs such as C‐reactive protein provide a useful indicator of the extent of inflammation responding most intensely in severe cases such as sepsis, but showing some response in even mild inflammatory insults or stress. Functions of APPs are still poorly defined but are largely homeostatic and diverse including innate protective immune roles, transport functions, protease inhibition, clotting and metabolic functions. Hepatocytes upregulate secretory pathway networks to allow an increased synthetic activity, although some proteins are actively downregulated. Evidence has mounted to show the importance of APPs for protection of the host. Key Concepts Acute‐phase proteins are increased in response to inflammatory stimuli within 12–72 h. Functions include direct innate recognition, innate immune response in control of inflammation and immunity, transport of a variety of metabolic and micronutrient factors, enzymes and proteins involved in clotting and thrombosis and so on. Hepatocytes are the main source of acute‐phase proteins. Induction is mainly through transcriptional control through STAT3 and other factors. Concentrations return to normal when inflammation subsides and thus they provide a useful rapidly responding clinical marker of inflammation. Some proteins have increased synthesis to replace that consumed (e.g. complement or clotting components) others are required to fulfil new requirements (e.g. lipocalin‐2). The acute‐phase proteins should be viewed as an important part of the overall systemic response to inflammation (acute‐phase response).

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The Acute Phase Response

Cited by 2 publications

References 182 publications

Effects of Pre-Calving Body Condition and Different post partum Concentrate Feed Proportions on Immune-Associated and Hematological Parameters in Pluriparous Dairy Cows

Effects of Pre-Calving Body Condition and Different post partum Concentrate Feed Proportions on Immune-Associated and Hematological Parameters in Pluriparous Dairy Cows

Acute‐Phase Proteins

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