The Active Ingredient Catalpol in Rehmannia glutinosa Reduces Blood Glucose in Diabetic Rats via the AMPK Pathway

Abstract

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) poses a huge threat to population health globally, and more drugs need to be explored for treatment. In this study, we investigated the mechanism of active ingredient catalpol in Rehmannia glutinosa on reduces blood glucose in diabetic. Methods: The T2DM model was constructed by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin into Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats, which were randomly grouped into diabetes model group, pioglitazone group, Rehmannia glutinosa group, catalpol high-dose group, catalpol low-dose group and normal control group.The intervention was continued for 28 d, and changes in body weight, fasting blood glucose, insulin and lipid levels were observed. Results: Of all the drugs, pioglitazone had the most pronounced hypoglycemic effect, which began to decline after 2 weeks of treatment in the low-dose catalpol group and had no hypoglycemic effect in the high-dose catalpol group. Among them, Rehmannia glutinosa was able to increase serum triglyceride level, and pioglitazone effectively reduced total cholesterol level in rats. The low dose of catalpol decreased the concentration of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), while the high dose of catalpol increased the concentration of LDL. Conclusion:As an active ingredient in Rehmannia glutinosa, catalpol has the potential to lower blood glucose and improve blood lipids in diabetes treatment, and its action may be achieved by regulating the adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway, which provides a new idea for the development of new diabetes therapeutic approaches.

Enhancement of Local Osseointegration and Implant Stability of Titanium Implant in Osteoporotic Rats by Biomimetic Multilayered Structures Containing Catalpol

“…14 Catalpol, the principal active component of Rehmanniae Radix, is a widely used herbal medicine in East Asia, 15 possesses diverse biological activities, including antioxidative, 16 antiinflammatory, 17 and anti-ischemic effects. 18 Catalpol can also reduce blood glucose 19 and attenuate ischemic stroke. 20 Previous studies have confirmed the positive impact of catalpol on osteogenesis, enhancing bone healing in critical-sized calvarial defects in rats and mitigating bone loss in ovariectomized (OVX) rat models.…”