The Action Potentials of the Auditory Nerve

Derbyshire, A. J.; Davis, Hallowell

doi:10.1152/ajplegacy.1935.113.2.476

Cited by 182 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 0 publications

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“…It is very likely that this cut-off is largely due to the peculiar mode of stimulus transmission, and no physiological significance can be attached to it. The same holds at the lower end of the frequency scale, at about Apart from the totally different ranges of frequencies covered by the responses recorded from the elasmobranch labyrinth and the mammalian ear, there exists striking agreement in the nature of the responses reported by Derbyshire & Davis (1935), Galambos & Davis (1943), and our own findings. Both in the mammalian cochlea and in the vibration-sensitive areas of the elasmobranch labyrinth a proportion of the sensory units show a resting discharge, the frequency of which is generally increased by the vibrational stimulus.…”

Section: Macula Negletasupporting

confidence: 80%

The localization and analysis of the responses to vibration from the isolated elasmobranch labyrinth. A contribution to the problem of the evolution of hearing in vertebrates

Löwenstein¹,

Roberts²

1951

The Journal of Physiology

157

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Section: Macula Negletasupporting

confidence: 80%

The localization and analysis of the responses to vibration from the isolated elasmobranch labyrinth. A contribution to the problem of the evolution of hearing in vertebrates

Löwenstein¹,

Roberts²

1951

The Journal of Physiology

157

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“…For acoustic stimulation, it has been established that the CAP amplitude depends on the number of auditory neurons stimulated simultaneously (Davis et al, 1934;Derbyshire et al, 1935). We assume that, similar to acoustical stimulation, the number of spiral ganglion neurons that simultaneously depolarized in response to optical stimuli determine the amplitude of the compound action potential.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical stimulation of auditory neurons: Effects of acute and chronic deafening

et al. 2008

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In developing neural prostheses, particular success has been realized with cochlear implants. These devices bypass damaged hair cells in the auditory system and electrically stimulate the auditory nerve directly. In contemporary cochlear implants, however, the injected electric current spreads widely along the scala tympani and across turns. Consequently, stimulation of spatially discrete spiral ganglion cell populations is difficult. In contrast to electrical stimulation, it has been shown that extremely spatially selective stimulation is possible using infrared radiation (e.g. Izzo et al., 2007a). Here, we explore the correlation between surviving spiral ganglion cells, following acute and chronic deafness induced by neomycin application into the middle ear, and neural stimulation using optical radiation and electrical current.In vivo experiments were conducted in gerbils. Before the animals were deafened, acoustic thresholds were obtained and neurons were stimulated with optical radiation at various pulse durations, radiation exposures, and pulse repetition rates. In one group of animals, measurements were made immediately after deafening, while the other group was tested at least four weeks after deafening. Deafness was confirmed by measuring acoustically evoked compound action potentials. Optically and electrically evoked compound action potentials and auditory brainstem responses were determined for different radiation exposures and for different electrical current amplitudes, respectively. After completion of the experiments, the animals were euthanized and the cochleae were harvested for histology.Acoustically evoked compound action potential thresholds were elevated by more than 40 dB after neomycin application in acutely deaf and more than 60 dB in chronically deaf animals. Compound action potential thresholds, which were determined with optical radiation pulses, were not significantly elevated in acutely deaf animals. However, in chronically deaf animals optically evoked CAP thresholds were elevated. Changes correlated with the number of surviving spiral ganglion cells and the optical parameters that were used for stimulation.

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“…Patterns tend to conform to theoreti¬ cal expectation. However, there are in¬ stances ( 1 ) where the response varies mark¬ edly from one test frequency to the next, (2) where recruitment and "relapse," at threshold, seem disassociated, and (3) where extreme adaptation to sustained stimulation is evidenced by an ear with essentially normal threshold acuity. Therefore, the phenomenon of "relapse" seems to be suffi¬ ciently independent from auditory reactions which are currently measured, so that syste¬ matic study of this phenomenon can prob¬ ably lead to classification of sensorineural involvements into new clinical subgroups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%