The Acousticolateral Area of Bony Fishes and its Cerebellar Relations

Maler, Len

doi:10.1159/000124308

Cited by 40 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 2 publications

(3 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This signal originates from the electromotor command nucleus (Grant et al, 1986), which projects both to the medullary relay nucleus that activates the spinal electromotor neurons (Grant et al, 1986) and to the ELL by at least two different pathways: via the mesencephalic command-associated nucleus and the juxtalemniscal nuclei to deeper layers of the ELL (Bell et al, 1983Bell and von der Emde, 1995) and via the paratrigeminal command-associated nucleus and the posterior cerebellar granular eminences (egp) to the superficial layer of the ELL (Bell et al, 1983). The superficial layer of the ELL is a molecular layer (or cerebellar crest) that is formed by parallel fibers originating in the cerebellar egp (Maler, 1973(Maler, , 1974personal observations). The function of the corollary discharge input to the ELL is to coordinate electrosensory processing with electromotor activity and, thus, to distinguish between reafferent (self-generated) and exafferent (from external sources) sensory input.…”

Section: This Issue)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Interneurons of the ganglionic layer in the mormyrid electrosensory lateral line lobe: Morphology, immunohistochemistry, and synaptology

et al. 1996

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This is the second paper in a series that describes the morphology, immunohistochemistry, and synaptology of the mormyrid electrosensory lateral line lobe (ELL). The ELL is a highly laminated cerebellum-like structure in the rhombencephalon that subserves an active electric sense: Objects in the nearby environment of the fish are detected on the basis of changes in the reafferent electrosensory signals that are generated by the animal's own electric organ discharge. The present paper describes interneurons in the superficial (molecular, ganglionic, and plexiform) layers of the ELL cortex that were analyzed in the light and electron microscopes after Golgi impregnation, intracellular labeling, neuroanatomical tracing, and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) immunohistochemistry. The most numerous interneurons in the ganglionic layer are GABAergic medium-sized ganglionic (MG) cells and small ganglionic (SG) cells. MG cells have 10-20 spiny apical dendrites in the molecular layer, a cell body of 10-12 microns diameter in the ganglionic layer, a single basal dendrite that gives rise to fine, beaded, axon-like branches in either the plexiform layer (MG1 subtype) or the deeper granular layer (MG2 subtype), and an axon that terminates in the plexiform layer. Their apical dendritic tree has 12,000-22,000 spines that are contacted by GABA-negative terminals, and it receives, 1,250-2,500 GABA-positive contacts on the smooth dendritic surface between the spines. The average ratio of GABA-negative to GABA-positive contacts on the interneuron apical dendrites (14:1) is significantly higher than that for the efferent projection cells that have been described previously (Grant et al. [1996] J. Comp. Neurol., this issue). The somata and basal dendrites of MG cells receive a low to moderate density of GABAergic synaptic input, and their axons make GABAergic synaptic contacts with the somata and cell bodies of MG as well as with large ganglionic (LG) cells. SG cells probably represent immature, growing MG cells. Other interneurons in the superficial ELL layers include GABAergic stellate cells in the molecular layer, two types of non-GABAergic cells with smooth dendrites in the deep molecular layer that are named thick-smooth dendrite cells and deep molecular layer cells, and horizontal cells that are encountered particularly in the plexiform layer. Comparison with the ELL of waveform gymnotiform fish, which is another group of active electrolocating teleosts that has been investigated thoroughly, shows striking differences. In these fish, no GABAergic interneurons are found in the ganglionic (pyramidal) layer of the ELL, and GABA-negative interneurons with smooth dendrites in the molecular layer also seem to be lacking. At present, the phylogenetic origin of the described superficial interneurons in the mormyrid ELL is uncertain.

show abstract

Section: This Issue)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Interneurons of the ganglionic layer in the mormyrid electrosensory lateral line lobe: Morphology, immunohistochemistry, and synaptology

et al. 1996

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Site 9, and possibly site 10, are perhaps somewhat rostral to the ves tibular nuclei, while the others were clear ly in the general region of the vestibular nuclear complex as described by several authors for various teleosts [Hinojosa. 1973;Maler. 1974;Demski and Bauer.…”

Section: Medulla-vestibular Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1974] have been reported to receive pri mary vestibular fibers in teleosts [Larsell, 1967: Maler. 1974, Mn/erstates that the lat eral granular area (auricle) is related to the acoustico-lateral commissure which con tains decussating primary and secondary lateral-line and eighth-nerve fibers.…”

Section: Cerebellum: Area Medial To the Eminentia Granulansmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1967]. Maler [1974] used modern fiber degeneration techniques to separate eighth-nerve areas from lateral line regions in the medulla of the electroreceptive fish Gnathonemus petersii. Unfortunately, the medulla of this animal is so specialized that comparisons to nonelectroreceptive species like sunftsh are extremely difficult.…”

Section: Vestibular Areas Of the Medullamentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Eye Movements and Related Behavioral Responses Evoked by Electrical Stimulation of the Brain in Free-Swimming Sunfish, <i>Lepomis cyanellus</i>

Demski¹

1982

Brain Behav Evol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Areas of the sunfish brain from which eye movements related to rolling about the longitudinal and interpupillary axes were elicited by electrical stimulation in anesthetized animals (acute preparation) were also tested in free-swimming fish (chronic preparation). Stimulation in the oculomotor complex resulted primarily in bilateral backward rotation of the eyes (acute preparation), and backward looping of the whole animal (chronic preparation). Stimulation near the trochlear nerves and nuclei evoked mostly bilateral forward rotation of the eyes (acute preparation), and downward pitching of the head (chronic preparation). Testing the cerebellum in the molecular area adjacent to the eminentia granulans resulted in conjugate lateral rolling of the eyes (acute preparation), and side-to-side tilts or wobbles (chronic preparation). Stimulation in the presumed vestibular area of the medulla triggered mainly conjugate lateral rolling of the eyes (acute preparation), and lateral rolling about the fish's long axis (chronic preparation). The results are discussed with respect to possible functional pathways involved in the mediation of behavioral responses to inputs from the otolith organs.

show abstract

“…The crista cerebellaris is composed of parallel fibers originating in the more rostral eminentia granularis of the cerebellum (Maler, 1974). In mormyrids, this granule cell mass receives primary afferent input from most octavolateral endorgans with the marked exception of the sacculus (Bell, 1981a).…”

Section: Descending Modulation Of Auditory Centers In the Medullamentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional neuroanatomy of auditory pathways in the sound-producing fishPollimyrus

Kozloski

Crawford

1998

J. Comp. Neurol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We have described the acoustic pathway from the ear to the diencephalon in a sound-producing fish (Pollimyrus) based on simultaneous neurophysiological recordings from single neurons and injections of biotin pathway tracers at the recording sites. Fundamental transformations of auditory information from highly phase-locked and entrained responses in primary eighth nerve afferents and first-order medullary neurons to more weakly phase-locked responses in the auditory midbrain were revealed by physiological recordings. Anatomical pathway tracing uncovered a bilateral array of both first- and second-order medullary nuclei and a perilemniscal nucleus. Interconnections within the medullary auditory areas were extensive. Medullary nuclei projected to the auditory midbrain by means of the lateral lemniscus. Midbrain auditory areas projected to both ipsilateral and contralateral optic tecta and to an array of three nuclei in the auditory thalamus. The significance of these findings to the elucidation of mechanisms for the analysis of communication sounds and spatial hearing in this vertebrate animal is discussed.

show abstract

The Acousticolateral Area of Bony Fishes and its Cerebellar Relations

Cited by 40 publications

References 2 publications

Interneurons of the ganglionic layer in the mormyrid electrosensory lateral line lobe: Morphology, immunohistochemistry, and synaptology

Interneurons of the ganglionic layer in the mormyrid electrosensory lateral line lobe: Morphology, immunohistochemistry, and synaptology

Eye Movements and Related Behavioral Responses Evoked by Electrical Stimulation of the Brain in Free-Swimming Sunfish, <i>Lepomis cyanellus</i>

Functional neuroanatomy of auditory pathways in the sound-producing fishPollimyrus

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About