The Acinar and Ductal Organisation of the Tarsal Accessory Lacrimal Gland of Wolfring in Rabbit Eyelid

Bergmanson, Jan P.G.; Doughty, Michael J.; Blocker, Y.

doi:10.1006/exer.1998.0620

Cited by 16 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…In rhesus monkey ( Macaca mulatta ), it has been reported that all glands of the eyelids are similar to the ones in human eyelids; 18 lobules of accessory lacrimal tissue, corresponding to the accessory lacrimal glands of Krause and Wolfring, have been described in the conjunctival fornix and along the orbital margin of the tarsal plate 18 . In an experimental rabbit study, the tarsal accessory lacrimal gland of Wolfring and its excretory duct were objectively assessed by transmission electron microscopy 19 . The images obtained in this study suggested that the tarsal accessory lacrimal gland (of Wolfring) had an acinar structure similar to the main lacrimal glands, and it secreted fluid into a complex series of ducts, lined by secretory cells, that ultimately breached the surface as a well‐defined crypt 19 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Conjunctival dacryops in two golden retrievers

Lamagna

Peruccio

Guardascione

et al. 2011

Veterinary Ophthalmology

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Two 5-month-old golden retriever dogs were referred for the evaluation of a mass arising from the left ventrolateral conjunctiva of the lower eyelid. The masses were externally located, deemed to be cystic in nature, and were surgically removed, and in one case, 0.15 mL of clear fluid was collected. Cytological examination of the aspirated fluid revealed proteinaceous, basophilic amorphous material, and few epithelial cells with foamy cytoplasm and small nuclei. No micro-organisms were detected. Histological examination of the cysts showed a wall composed of single to double cell layers. The cells were cuboidal to flattened, nonciliated, lined with mild submucosal connective tissues and slight inflammation composed of lymphocytes, plasma cells, and rare macrophages. In some areas, lobules of acinar glandular tissue were observed. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first case report of conjunctival dacryops in dogs. The complete surgical removal of the cysts was curative in both cases.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Conjunctival dacryops in two golden retrievers

Lamagna

Peruccio

Guardascione

et al. 2011

Veterinary Ophthalmology

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“…Accessory lacrimal glands in the superior palpebral conjunctiva of rabbits are also present, which open onto the surface of the conjunctiva. The acinar systems of the accessory lacrimal glands have cellular features that resemble those of the main lacrimal glands [35]. In addition, the nictitating membrane can advance more than two-thirds of the distance across the eye, almost covering the cornea.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the protective barrier of the ocular surface was damaged by removing the nictitating membrane, and lipid secretion was reduced, partly due to removal of the Harderian gland. The remaining tear fluid in rabbits in group C was likely only from fluid transported across the conjunctiva and/or fluid from the accessory lacrimal glands within the tarsal conjunctiva [35,36]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishment of the mild, moderate and severe dry eye models using three methods in rabbits

Deng

Gao

et al. 2013

BMC Ophthalmol

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BackgroundDry eye (DE) is a common eye disease, and appropriate animal models are essential to explore the pathogenesis and therapy of DE. In this study, we aimed to establish rabbit models by three methods.MethodsIn group A, the lacrimal gland, Harderian gland, and nictitating membrane of the left eyes were surgically removed. In group B, the bulbar conjunctiva of the left eyes was burned with 50% trichloroacetic acid. In group C, both methods above were used. The right eyes served as normal controls. The Schirmer I test (SIt), fluorescein staining, and impression cytology were evaluated at baseline and on days 28, 42, and 56.ResultsBoth the SIt and goblet cell density were significantly lower in operated eyes compared to the control eyes, while the corneal fluorescein staining scores in the operated eyes were significantly higher than in the control eyes on days 28, 42, and 56 (p < 0.05, p < 0.01 or p < 0.001). The SIt and goblet cell densities in groups B and C were significantly lower than group A on days 28, 42, and 56 (p < 0.05, p < 0.01 or p < 0.001). In addition, the corneal fluorescein staining scores in group C were significantly higher than either group A or group B on days 28, 42, and 56, while fluorescein staining scores were higher in group B than group A on days 42 and 56 days (p < 0.05, p < 0.01 or p < 0.001), with mean score 3.8 ± 1.30 (group A), 7.4 ± 1.14 (group B) and 10.8 ± 1.30 (group C) on day 56.ConclusionsResults suggest that three separate DE models, with mild, moderate, and severe manifestations of DE, could be stably established, in which conjunctival goblet cells took an important role.

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“…In rabbits, closing the lacrimal gland excretory duct and surgically removing the nictitating membrane and harderian gland can cause an increase in tear osmolarity at postoperative day 1, accompanied with significant decrease in conjunctival goblet cell density by 8 weeks. 127,145,146 …”

Section: What Can a Rabbit Model Teach Us About The Immunopathology Omentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-related Defects in Ocular and Nasal Mucosal Immune System and the Immunopathology of Dry Eye Disease

Farid

Agrawal

Fremgen

et al. 2014

Ocular Immunology and Inflammation

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Dry eye disease (DED) is a prevalent public health concern that affects up to 30% of adults and is particularly chronic and severe in the elderly. Two interconnected mechanisms cause DED: (1) an age-related dysfunction of lacrimal and meibomian glands, which leads to decreased tear production and/or an increase in tear evaporation; and (2) an age-related uncontrolled inflammation of the surface of the eye triggered by yet-to-be-determined internal immunopathological mechanisms, independent of tear deficiency and evaporation. In this review we summarize current knowledge on animal models that mimic both the severity and chronicity of inflammatory DED and that have been reliably used to provide insights into the immunopathological mechanisms of DED, and we provide an overview of the opportunities and limitations of the rabbit model in investigating the role of both ocular and nasal mucosal immune systems in the immunopathology of inflammatory DED and in testing novel immunotherapies aimed at delaying or reversing the uncontrolled age-related inflammatory DED.

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The Acinar and Ductal Organisation of the Tarsal Accessory Lacrimal Gland of Wolfring in Rabbit Eyelid

Cited by 16 publications

References 18 publications

Conjunctival dacryops in two golden retrievers

Conjunctival dacryops in two golden retrievers

Establishment of the mild, moderate and severe dry eye models using three methods in rabbits

Age-related Defects in Ocular and Nasal Mucosal Immune System and the Immunopathology of Dry Eye Disease

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